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Measuring the Effect of Economic Growth on Countries' Environmental Efficiency: A Conditional Directional Distance Function Approach

机译：衡量经济增长对国家环境效率的影响：条件定向距离函数方法

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摘要

Using a recently developed probabilistic approach of a conditional directional distance function, we measure the effect of economic growth on countries' environmental efficiency in carbon dioxide emissions for a sample of 99 countries over the period of 1980-2010. Our approach directly accounts for the exogenous factors influencing countries' environmental production; therefore, we do not impose the separability condition on the estimated environmental efficiencies. When examining the entire sample as well as the sample of developed countries, our results reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between countries' GDP per capita and environmental efficiency. However, when examining the relationship for the sample of developing countries, the results reveal an N-shaped form. Moreover, our results show that countries ratifying the Kyoto Protocol tend to have higher efficiency scores, implying that their mitigation activity is less costly.
机译：使用最近开发的条件方向距离函数的概率方法，我们测量了1980年至2010年期间99个国家的样本中经济增长对国家环境效率的二氧化碳排放的影响。我们的方法直接考虑了影响国家环境生产的外在因素。因此，我们不会将可分离性条件强加于估算的环境效率。在考察整个样本以及发达国家样本时，我们的结果表明，国家人均GDP与环境效率之间呈倒U型关系。但是，在检查与发展中国家样本的关系时，结果显示为N形。此外，我们的结果表明，批准《京都议定书》的国家往往具有较高的效率得分，这表明其缓解活动的成本较低。

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