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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Conceptual Model and Experimental Framework to Determine the Contributions of Direct and Indirect Photoreactions to the Solar Disinfection of MS2, phiX174, and Adenovirus
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Conceptual Model and Experimental Framework to Determine the Contributions of Direct and Indirect Photoreactions to the Solar Disinfection of MS2, phiX174, and Adenovirus

机译：确定直接和间接光反应对MS2，phiX174和腺病毒的太阳消毒作用的概念模型和实验框架

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摘要

Sunlight inactivates waterborne viruses via direct (absorption of sunlight by the virus) and indirect processes (adsorption of sunlight by external chromophores, which subsequently generate reactive species). While the mechanisms underlying these processes are understood, their relative importance remains unclear. This study establishes an experimental framework to determine the kinetic parameters associated with a virus' susceptibility to solar disinfection and proposes a model to estimate disinfection rates and to apportion the contributions of different inactivation processes. Quantum yields of direct inactivation were determined for three viruses (MS2, phiX174, and adenovirus), and second-order rate constants associated with indirect inactivation by four reactive species (~1O_2, OH~•, CO_3~(•-), and triplet states) were established. PhiX174 exhibited the greatest quantum yield (1.4 × 10~(-2)), indicating that it is more susceptible to direct inactivation than MS2 (2.9 × 10~(-3)) or adenovirus (2.5 × 10~(-4)). Second-order rate constants ranged from 1.7 × 10~7 to 7.0 × 10~9 M~(-1) s~(-1) and followed the sequence MS2 ＞ adenovirus ＞ phiX174. A predictive model based on these parameters accurately estimated solar disinfection of MS2 and phiX174 in a natural water sample and approximated that of adenovirus within a factor of 6. Inactivation mostly occurred by direct processes, though indirect inactivation by ~1O_2 also contributed to the disinfection of MS2 and adenovirus.
机译：阳光通过直接（病毒吸收太阳光）和间接过程（通过外部生色团吸收太阳光，随后产生反应性物种）来灭活水性病毒。虽然了解了这些过程的基础机制，但它们的相对重要性仍然不清楚。这项研究建立了一个实验框架，以确定与病毒对日光消毒的敏感性相关的动力学参数，并提出了一个模型来估计消毒速率并分摊不同灭活过程的贡献。确定了三种病毒（MS2，phiX174和腺病毒）的直接灭活的量子产率，以及与四个反应物种（〜1O_2，OH〜•，CO_3〜（•-）和三重态）间接灭活相关的二级速率常数。州）成立。 PhiX174表现出最大的量子产率（1.4×10〜（-2）），表明它比MS2（2.9×10〜（-3））或腺病毒（2.5×10〜（-4））更容易直接灭活。 。二阶速率常数范围为1.7×10〜7到7.0×10〜9 M〜（-1）s〜（-1），顺序为MS2＞腺病毒＞ phiX174。基于这些参数的预测模型可准确估算天然水样中MS2和phiX174的日照消毒程度，并近似于6倍于腺病毒的太阳消毒程度。灭活主要由直接过程发生，尽管〜1O_2引起的间接灭活也有助于消毒。 MS2和腺病毒。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第1期|334-342|共9页
  • 作者

    Michael J. Mattle; Davide Vione; Tamar Kohn;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-101S Lausanne, Switzerland;

    Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy;

    Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-101S Lausanne, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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