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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Environmental and Economic Impacts of Localizing Food Systems: The Case of Dairy Supply Chains in the Northeastern United States
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Environmental and Economic Impacts of Localizing Food Systems: The Case of Dairy Supply Chains in the Northeastern United States

机译：粮食系统本地化对环境和经济的影响：以美国东北部的乳制品供应链为例

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摘要

We developed and evaluated an empirical model of the U.S. dairy supply chain with a high degree of spatial and product disaggregation to assess the impacts of increasing localization of the northeast region's fluid milk supply on food miles, supply chain costs, greenhouse gas and criteria pollutant emissions, economic activity, and employment. Evaluation included comparison to regional production values and sensitivity analysis of demand and unit cost assumptions. Our analysis compares a baseline to two localization scenarios based on state boundaries and multiple-state subregions. Localization scenarios increased total distances fluid milk traveled by 7- 15%, overall supply chain costs by 1-2%, and emissions of greenhouse gases (CO, equivalent) criteria pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm associated with fluid milk transportation by 7-15% per month. The impacts of localization on employment and economic activity are positive, but changes are small on a percentage basis. Our analyses indicate that the definition used for localization has an impact on outcomes and that efforts to localize food systems may benefit from a more systems-oriented approach.
机译：我们开发并评估了具有高度空间和产品分解度的美国乳制品供应链的经验模型，以评估东北地区流动奶供应的本地化程度增加对食品里程，供应链成本，温室气体和标准污染物排放的影响，经济活动和就业。评价包括与区域产值的比较以及对需求和单位成本假设的敏感性分析。我们的分析将基线与基于状态边界和多州子区域的两个本地化方案进行比较。本地化方案使液态奶的总行驶距离增加了7-15％，整个供应链成本增加了1-2％，并且温室气体（CO，当量）的排放标准污染物（例如氮氧化物和小于2.5μm的颗粒物）与流体牛奶每月运输7-15％。本地化对就业和经济活动的影响是积极的，但百分比变化很小。我们的分析表明，用于本地化的定义会对结果产生影响，并且使粮食系统本地化的努力可能会受益于更加面向系统的方法。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第20期|12005-12014|共10页
  • 作者

    Charles F. Nicholson; Xi He; Miguel I. Gomez; H. O. Gao; Elaine Hill;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Supply Chain and Information Systems, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States,Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

    School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

    Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

    School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

    Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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