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Tracking POPs in Global Air from the First 10 Years of the GAPS Network (2005 to 2014)

机译：从差距网络的前10年（2005年至2014年）从全球空中跟踪流行

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摘要

The Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) network, initiated in 2005 across 55 global sites, supports the global monitoring plan (GMP) of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) by providing information on POP concentrations in air on a global scale. These data inform assessments of the long-range transport potential of POPs and the effectiveness evaluation of chemical regulation efforts, by observing changes in concentrations over time. Currently, measurements spanning 5-10 sampling years are available for 40 sites from the GAPS Network. This study was the first time that POP concentrations in air were reported on a global scale for an extended time period and the first to evaluate worldwide trends with an internally consistent sample set. For consistency between sampling years, site- and sample specific sampling rates were calculated with a new, public online model, which accounts for the effects of wind speed variability. Concentrations for legacy POPs in air between 2005 and 2014 show different trends for different organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The POPs discussed in this study were chosen due to being the most frequently detected, with detection at the majority of sites. PCB, endosulfan, and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) concentrations in air are decreasing at most sites. The global trends reflect global sources and recycling of HCH, ongoing emissions from old stockpiles for PCBs, and recent use restrictions for endosulfan. These chlorinated OCPs continue to present exposure threat to humans and ecosystems worldwide. Concentrations of other OCPs, such as chlordanes, heptachlor and dieldrin, are steady and/or declining slowly at the majority of sites, reflecting a transition from primary to secondary sources (i.e., re-emission from reservoirs where these POPs have accumulated historically) which now control ambient air burdens.
机译：全球大气被动采样（差距）在2005年在55个全球网站上启动的全球航空公司，通过提供全球范围内的空中流行浓度的信息，支持斯德哥尔摩公约的全球监测计划（GMP）。这些数据通过观察浓度随时间的变化来了解POP的远程运输潜力和化学调控努力的有效性评估的评估。目前，跨越5-10个采样年的测量可用于40个间隙网络的40个站点​​。本研究是在全球范围内延长时间段的全球范围内首次在空中流行浓度首次，首先在内部一致的样本集中评估全世界趋势。为了在采样年份之间的一致性，网站和样本特定的采样率通过新的公共在线模型计算，该模型计算了风速变异性的影响。 2005年至2014年间空气中的遗产浓度显示不同的有机氯杀虫剂（OCP）和多氯联苯（PCB）的不同趋势。由于最常检测到的，选择本研究中讨论的持久性POP，在大多数位点检测。 PCB，硫脲和六氯环己烷（HCH）在空气中的浓度在大多数位点处都会降低。全球趋势反映了HCH的全球来源和回收，旧库存的旧库存排放，以及最近对硫丹的限制。这些氯化OCP继续向全世界的人类和生态系统呈现暴露威胁。其他OCP的浓度，如氯兰烷，庚烷和司丁，在大多数位点处慢慢缓慢和/或缓慢下降，反映了从初级到二次来源的过渡（即，从历史上积累的水库重新排放）现在控制环境空气负担。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2021年第14期|9479-9488|共10页
  • 作者

    Jasmin K Schuster; Tom Harrier; Anita Eng; Cassandra Rauert; Ky Su; Keri C. Hornbuckle; Connor W. Johnson;

  • 作者单位

    Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada;

    Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada;

    Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada;

    Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS) The University of Queensland Woolloongabba Queensland 4102 Australia;

    Air Quality Processes Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and IIHR-Hydrostience and Engineering The University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa 52242 United States of America;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering The University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa 52242 United States of America;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling network; persistent organic pollutants; temporal trends; effectiveness evaluation; global distribution;

    机译：全球大气被动采样网络;持久性有机污染物;时间趋势;有效性评估;全球分销;

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