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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Application of an Optimized Total N-Nitrosamme (TONO) Assay to Pools: Placing N-Nrtrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Determinations into Perspective
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Application of an Optimized Total N-Nitrosamme (TONO) Assay to Pools: Placing N-Nrtrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Determinations into Perspective

机译：优化的总N-亚硝胺（TONO）分析方法在水池中的应用：将N-亚硝基二甲胺（NDMA）测定置于视野中

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摘要

Although N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) has been the most prevalent N-nitrosamine detected in disinfected waters, it remains unclear whether NDMA is indeed the most significant N-nitrosamine or just one representative of a larger pool of N-nitrosamines. A widely used assay applied to quantify nitrite, S-nitrosothiols, and N-nitrosamines in biological samples involves their reduction to nitric oxide by acidic tri-iodide, followed by chemiluminescent detection of the evolved nitric oxide in the gas phase. We here describe an adaptation of this method for analyzing total N-nitrosamine (TONO) concentrations in disinfected pools. Optimal sensitivity for N-nitrosamines was obtained using a reduction solution containing 13.5 mL glacial acetic acid and 1 mL of an aqueous 540 g/L iodide and 114 g/L iodine solution held at 80 ℃. The method detection limitfor W-nitrosamineswas 110nM using 100μL sample injections and NDMA as a standard. N-nitrosamines featuring a range of polarities were converted to nitric oxide with 75-103% efficiency compared to NDMA. Evaluation of potential interfering species indicated that only nitrite and S-nitrosothiols were a concern, but both interferences were effectively eliminated using group-specific sample pretreatments previously employed for biological samples. To evaluate the low TONO concentrations anticipated for pools, 1 L samples were extracted by continuous liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate for 24 h, and concentrated to 1 mL. N-nitrosamine recovery during extraction ranged from 37-75%, and there was a potential for artifactual nitrosation of amines during solvent reflux in the presence of significant nitrite concentrations, but not at the low nitrite concentrations prevalent in most pools. Using the 1000-fold concentration factor and 56% average extraction efficiency, the method detection limit would be 62 pM (5 ng/L as NDMA). The TONO assay was applied to six pools and their common tap water source in conjunction with analysis for specificrnnitrosamines. Even accounting for the range of W-nitrosamine extraction recoveries, NDMA accounted for an average of only 13% (range 3-46%) of the total nitrosamine pool.
机译：尽管N-亚硝基二甲胺（NDMA）是在消毒水域中检测到的最普遍的N-亚硝胺，但仍不清楚NDMA确实是最重要的N-亚硝胺还是仅仅是较大数量N-亚硝胺的代表之一。一种广泛用于定量生物样品中亚硝酸盐，S-亚硝基硫醇和N-亚硝胺的测定法，涉及通过酸性三碘化物将其还原成一氧化氮，然后化学发光检测气相中生成的一氧化氮。我们在这里描述了这种方法的一种适应方法，用于分析消毒池中的总N-亚硝胺（TONO）浓度。使用还原溶液获得N-亚硝胺的最佳灵敏度，该还原溶液包含13.5 mL冰醋酸和1 mL 540 g / L碘化物水溶液和114 g / L碘溶液，保持在80℃。 W-亚硝胺的方法检出限为110nM（以100μL样品进样和NDMA为标准）。与NDMA相比，具有一系列极性的N-亚硝胺以75-103％的效率转化为一氧化氮。对潜在干扰物种的评估表明，仅关注亚硝酸盐和S-亚硝基硫醇，但使用先前用于生物样品的特定于组的样品预处理，可有效消除两种干扰。为了评估池中预期的低TONO浓度，通过用乙酸乙酯连续液-液萃取24 h萃取1 L样品，并浓缩至1 mL。萃取过程中N-亚硝胺的回收率在37-75％之间，并且在存在大量亚硝酸盐浓度的情况下，在溶剂回流过程中可能会发生胺的人为亚硝化作用，但在大多数池中普遍存在的低亚硝酸盐浓度下却没有。使用1000倍的浓缩因子和56％的平均萃取效率，方法检测限为62 pM（5 ng / L作为NDMA）。结合特定的亚硝胺分析，将TONO测定法应用于六个水池及其常见的自来水源。即使考虑到W-亚硝胺提取回收率的范围，NDMA也仅平均占总亚硝胺池的13％（范围为3-46％）。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2010年第9期|P.3369-3375|共7页
  • 作者

    PANKAJ KULSHRESTHA; rnKATHERINE C. MCKINSTRY; rnBERNADETTE O. FERNANDEZ; rnMARTIN FEELISCH; rnWILLIAM A. MITCH;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520;

    rnDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520;

    rnWarwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;

    rnWarwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;

    rnDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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