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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Pesticide and Pathogen: Heat Shock Protein Expression and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition in Juvenile Chinook Salmon in Response to Multiple Stressors
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Pesticide and Pathogen: Heat Shock Protein Expression and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition in Juvenile Chinook Salmon in Response to Multiple Stressors

机译：农药和病原体：对多种应激源的幼体奇努克鲑鱼热休克蛋白表达和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制。

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摘要

Rapid expression of heat shock protein (hsp) families in response to a variety of stressors has been demonstrated in many organisms including fish. The present 60-d challenge study was designed to compare hsp induction in juvenile Chinook salmon following exposure to individual pesticides, virus, and both stressors combined. Heat shock protein expression patterns over time were monitored and related to the extent of virus infection and mortality. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and recovery in response to applied stressors were measured in brain. High enzyme inhibition levels have been correlated with imminent mortality, and other sublethal physiological effects have been observed in fish concurrent with depressed AChE activity. Mortality was elevated considerably in fish exposed to 0.08 μg/L of the pyrcthroid csfenvalcrate (EV). Mortality due to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was lower in groups previously treated with pesticides: however, these fish died sooner than individuals exposed to virus only. Both pesticides, EV and the organophosphate (OP) chlorpyrifos (CP), as well as virus exposure, induced hsp expression, but highest hsp levels were observed after the combined treatments, suggesting an additive effect between virus and pesticides. Highest virus titers were accompanied by strongest hsp induction, indicating a connection between virus concentration and hsp expression. In conclusion, the measurement of hsp expression appears to be a very sensitive, integrative indicator of stress. Esfenvalerate and IHNV did not affect AChE activity, and exposure to 3.7 μg/L CP led to significantly inhibited AChE for at least 20 d. The time required for complete recovery of AChE activity raises concern about deleterious behavioral effects.
机译：在包括鱼类在内的许多生物中，已经证明了热激蛋白（hsp）家族响应各种应激源而快速表达。当前的60天挑战研究旨在比较暴露于单独的农药，病毒和两种应激源后在幼年的奇努克鲑鱼中的hsp诱导。监测热休克蛋白随时间的表达模式，并与病毒感染的程度和死亡率有关。在大脑中测量了乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）对施加的应激源的抑制和恢复。高酶抑制水平与即将死亡相关，在鱼类中还观察到其他亚致死生理效应，同时AChE活性降低。暴露于0.08μg/ L拟除虫菊酯氰菊酯（EV）中的鱼的死亡率大大提高。在先前用杀虫剂处理过的组中，由于感染性造血坏死病毒（IHNV）导致的死亡率较低：但是，这些鱼类的死亡时间比仅接触病毒的个体要早。 EV，有机磷（毒死）和毒死rif（CP）这两种杀虫剂以及病毒暴露均可诱导hsp表达，但在联合处理后，hsp含量最高，表明病毒和杀虫剂之间具有累加作用。最高的病毒滴度伴随着最强的hsp诱导，表明病毒浓度和hsp表达之间存在联系。总之，对hsp表达的测量似乎是压力的非常敏感的综合指标。 Esfenvalerate和IHNV不会影响AChE活性，并且暴露于3.7μg/ L CP会显着抑制AChE至少20 d。完全恢复AChE活性所需的时间引起了人们对有害行为影响的关注。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2007年第6期|1233-1242|共10页
  • 作者

    Kai J. Eder; Heinz-R. Koehler; Ingeborg Werner;

  • 作者单位

    Aquatic Toxicology Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA;

    Animal Physiological Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Tuebingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Str. 20, D-72072 Tuebingen, Germany;

    Aquatic Toxicology Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    pesticide; infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus; chinook salmon; heat shock protein; acetylcholinesterase;

    机译：农药;传染性造血坏死病毒;奇努克鲑鱼热激蛋白乙酰胆碱酯酶;

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