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Evaluation of microbial loads and the effects of antimicrobial sprays in postharvest handling of California walnuts

机译：评价加利福尼亚核桃收获后处理中的微生物负荷和抗菌喷雾剂的作用

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摘要

Changes in aerobic plate count (APC) and Escherichia coli/coliform count (ECC) of inshell walnuts and walnut kernels were evaluated during commercial harvest and postharvest handling. APC and ECC for inshell walnuts collected from the tree were 6 and 4 log CFUut, respectively; counts increased by 1 log during harvest and hulling and decreased by 1 log during drying. Application of up to 200 ppm peracetic acid after hulling with or without a subsequent 2% lauric arginate spray reduced APC and ECC by less than 1 log CFUut; counts were not significantly different from the water control. A decrease in shell integrity was evident after drying: visible shell damage increased from 4 to 47% of walnuts after drying. Counts on kernels extracted from visibly intact walnuts from the tree were near the limit of detection (1.7 log CFUut). These counts increased by at least 1.4 log CFUut after hulling for both thin- and hardshell cultivars. Microbial populations were 1.6-2.2 log CFUut higher for kernels from walnuts with broken shells than for kernels from walnuts with visibly intact shells before, but not after, drying. A better understanding of how microbial populations are affected by postharvest handling practices is important in the development of walnut-specific food safety programs.
机译：在商业收获和收获后的处理过程中，评估了带壳核桃和核桃仁的有氧平板计数（APC）和大肠杆菌/大肠菌群计数（ECC）的变化。从树上采集的带壳核桃的APC和ECC分别为6和4 log CFU /坚果；在收获和脱壳期间，数量增加了1个对数，而在干燥期间，数量减少了1个对数。脱壳后使用或不使用随后的2％月桂酸月桂酸酯喷雾，施加高达200 ppm的过乙酸可使APC和ECC降低少于1 log CFU /螺母；计数与水控制没有显着差异。干燥后，壳的完整性明显降低：干燥后可见的壳损从核桃的4％增至47％。从树上看得见完整的核桃中提取的籽粒数量接近检出限（1.7 log CFU /坚果）。薄壳和硬壳品种的脱壳后，这些数量至少增加了1.4 log CFU /螺母。干燥前（而不是干燥后），破壳核桃仁的微生物种群比具有明显完整壳的核桃仁的微生物种群高1.6-2.2 log CFU /坚果。更好地了解采后处理方式对微生物种群的影响对制定核桃专用食品安全计划至关重要。

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  • 来源
    《Food microbiology》 |2015年第6期|133-142|共10页
  • 作者

    John C. Frelka; Linda J. Harris;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA;

    Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Peracetic acid; PAA; Walnuts; Postharvest;

    机译：过氧乙酸PAA;核桃;收获后;

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