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Knowledge intensive business services: innovation and occupations

机译：知识密集型企业服务：创新与职业

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摘要

Purpose - The literature on knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) shows them to be major innovators; this is confirmed with recent data, which the authors use to examine the various types of innovation that KIBS undertake. The implications for employment and work in highly innovative industries are important topics for analysis, not least because we are in a period where dramatic claims are being made as to the implications of new technologies for professional occupations. Thus, this paper aims to address major debates and conclusions concerning innovation patterns in KIBS and the evolving structures of professional and other work in these industries. Design/methodology/approach - This essay combines literature review with presentation and discussion of statistics that throw light on the patterns of innovation that characterise KIBS. The authors also consider data that concern trends in the organisation of work in these industries; while the focus is mainly on KIBS firms, they also pay some attention to KIBS-like work in other sectors. Even though KIBS are distinctive industries in modern economies, these analyses can be related to more general studies of, and forecasts about, changes in work organisation. Findings - The authors show that innovation patterns and employment structures vary substantially across different types of KIBS, with the distinction between technological, professional and creative KIBS proving to be useful for capturing these differences. The authors are also able to demonstrate important long- and medium-term trends in the structure and activities of the KIBS industries. In particular, data clearly demonstrate the increasing share of professional as against associate and clerical workers in most KIBS. Evidence also suggests that polarisation trends across the economy are mirrored, and in some cases amplified, in KIBS. The future prospects for employment in KIBS, and for professional work in particular, are seen to involve multiple factors, which together may bring about substantial change. Research limitations/implications - The study involves literature review and industry-level statistical analysis. Future work would benefit from firm-level analysis and validation and explication of results via consultation with practitioners and users of KIBS. Some puzzling variations across countries and sectors will need to be explored with national and sectoral experts. Practical implications - Research into KIBS activities, and their future, should make more use of the extensive statistics on employment and other structural features of the industries that have become available in recent years. KIBS firms and practitioners will need to take account of the forces for change that are liable to restructure their activities. Originality/value - The literature on KIBS has been concentrated on a rather narrow range of issues, while analysis of the current contributions and future development of the industries requires attention to a wider range of topics. This paper suggests how these topics may be investigated and their implications explored and presents results of enquiries along these lines.
机译：目的-有关知识密集型业务服务（KIBS）的文献表明它们是主要的创新者；最近的数据证实了这一点，作者使用这些数据检查了KIBS进行的各种创新。高度创新的行业对就业和工作的影响是需要分析的重要话题，尤其是因为我们正处于一个新的时代，即对新技术对职业的影响的主张。因此，本文旨在解决有关KIBS中的创新模式以及这些行业专业和其他工作的发展结构的重大辩论和结论。设计/方法/方法-本文将文献评论与统计的展示和讨论相结合，以阐明KIBS的创新模式。作者还考虑了与这些行业的工作组织趋势有关的数据。尽管重点主要放在KIBS公司上，但他们也关注其他领域的类似KIBS的工作。尽管KIBS在现代经济中是独特的行业，但这些分析可以与对工作组织的变化进行更一般的研究和预测有关。调查结果-作者表明，不同类型的KIBS的创新模式和就业结构差异很大，事实证明，技术，专业和创新KIBS之间的区别对于捕获这些差异很有用。作者还能够证明KIBS行业的结构和活动的重要的长期和中期趋势。尤其是，数据清楚地表明，在大多数KIBS中，专业人员相对于同事和文员的份额正在增加。证据还表明，KIBS中反映了整个经济的两极分化趋势，在某些情况下甚至放大了。 KIBS，特别是专业工作的未来就业前景被认为涉及多个因素，这些因素可能共同带来重大变化。研究局限性/含义-该研究涉及文献综述和行业水平的统计分析。通过与KIBS的从业者和用户进行磋商，公司层面的分析和验证以及结果的解释将使未来的工作受益。需要与国家和部门专家探讨国家和部门之间一些令人费解的变化。实际意义-对KIBS活动及其未来的研究应更多​​地利用近年来获得的有关该行业就业和其他结构特征的大量统计数据。 KIBS公司和从业人员将需要考虑易于重组其活动的变革力量。原创性/价值-有关KIBS的文献集中在相当狭窄的问题上，而对行业当前的贡献和未来发展的分析则需要关注更广泛的主题。本文提出了如何调查这些主题并探讨其含义的方法，并提出了沿着这些思路进行查询的结果。

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  • 来源
    《Foresight》 |2019年第3期|377-408|共32页
  • 作者

    Ian Douglas Miles; Veronika Belousova; Nikolay Chichkanov;

  • 作者单位

    Research Laboratory for Economics of Innovations, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, and University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;

    Department of Educational Programmes/Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation;

    Unit for Intellectual Services Market Research/Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Innovation; Knowledge economy; Employment; Professions; Knowledge intensive business services;

    机译：革新;知识经济;就业;专业;知识密集型业务服务;

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