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Determination of phase separation efficiency for biodiesel quality and blending

机译：测定生物柴油质量和混合的相分离效率

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In this study we reintroduce phase separation efficiency as an important characteristic for biodiesel quality and blending. The ability of the fuel to emulsify water is possibly one of the most important features behind biological and chemical fuel degradation but yet, no methods that directly measure this property are included in the standard biodiesel regulation EN14214. The proposed simple technique for fuel quality testing is based on the time it takes for ultra-purified water to become transparent after complete mixing with an equal volume of fuel, measured by kinetic absorbance spectrophotometry. In this study we screen the phase separation efficiency (measured as separation time) of purified, un-aged and aged Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME/B100) and its blends with EN590 with 7% FAME without detergents (B7 reference fuel Euro VI Part no 546061-35 and B100) as well as for FAME blends with a commercial EN590. The B7 fuel was used as reference in all measurements. Aged biodiesel (FAME/B100) almost doubled (1.8 times) its separation time compared to the un-aged FAME/B100 sample and had almost three times (2.9) longer phase separation time relative the reference B7 fuel. Also fuel blends showed long separation times. A fuel blend based on aged FAME/B100 blended with B7 to a corresponding B30 (30% FAME) gave after three consecutive 10 s mixings stable emulsions (＞30 min) in two out of three replicates. All fuels blended with commercial EN590 showed excellent phase separation efficiencies with significantly shorter separation times than FAME/B100. We also show that the phase separation efficiency of the B30 blend could be improved after the rape seed ester was vacuum distilled before blending with B7 petrodiesel. The results indicate that likely emulsion problems associated with the B30 blends can be circumvented with proper selection of compatible petroleum components as well as FAME purifications.
机译：在这项研究中，我们重新介绍了相分离效率，将其作为生物柴油质量和混合的重要特征。燃料使水乳化的能力可能是生物和化学燃料降解背后的最重要特征之一，但标准生物柴油法规EN14214中没有直接测量此特性的方法。提议的用于燃料质量测试的简单技术基于超纯水在与等体积燃料完全混合后变成透明所花费的时间，该时间通过动力学吸收分光光度法测量。在本研究中，我们筛选了纯净，未老化和老化的脂肪酸甲酯（FAME / B100）及其与EN590和7％FAME的混合物（不含清净剂）的相分离效率（以分离时间衡量）（B7参考燃料，欧洲VI部分）编号546061-35和B100），以及用于与商业EN590混合的FAME。 B7燃料在所有测量中均用作参考。与未老化的FAME / B100样品相比，老化的生物柴油（FAME / B100）的分离时间几乎翻了一倍（1.8倍），相分离时间比参考B7燃料长了近三倍（2.9）。混合燃料也显示出较长的分离时间。基于老化的FAME / B100与B7共混到相应的B30（30％FAME）的燃料共混物，连续三次连续10 s，在三个重复中的两个重复中提供了稳定的乳液（> 30分钟）。所有与商用EN590混合的燃料均具有出色的相分离效率，并且分离时间明显短于FAME / B100。我们还表明，在将油菜籽酯与B7石油柴油混合之前进行真空蒸馏后，可以提高B30共混物的相分离效率。结果表明，通过适当选择相容的石油组分以及进行FAME纯化，可以避免与B30共混物有关的乳液问题。

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