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首页> 外文期刊>Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution >Genetic diversity and spatial structure in a new distinct Theobroma cacao L. population in Bolivia
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Genetic diversity and spatial structure in a new distinct Theobroma cacao L. population in Bolivia

机译：玻利维亚一种新的可可可可种群的遗传多样性和空间结构

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Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important economic crop in the Bolivian Amazon. Bolivian farmers both cultivate cacao, and extract fruits from wild stands in the Beni River region and in valleys of the Andes foothills. The germplasm group traditionally used is presently referred to as “Cacao Nacional Boliviano” (CNB). Using DNA fingerprinting technology based on microsatellite markers, we genotyped 164 Bolivian cacao accessions, including both cultivated and wild CNB accessions sampled from the Amazonian regions of La Paz and Beni, and compared their SSR profiles with 78 reference Forastero accessions from Amazonian cacao populations, including germplasm from the Ucayali region of Peru. Results of multivariate ordination and analysis of molecular variance show that CNB cacao has a unique genetic profile that is significantly different from the known cacao germplasm groups in South America. The results also show that cultivated CNB and wild CNB populations in the Beni River share a similar genetic profile, suggesting that the cultivated CNB is of indigenous origin in Bolivia. The level of genetic diversity, measured by allele richness and gene diversity in the Bolivian cacao, is moderately high, but was significantly lower than gene diversity in the other Amazonian cacao populations. Significant spatial genetic structure was detected in the wild CNB population, using analysis of autocorrelation (rc = 0.232; P < 0.001) and Mantel tests (Rxy = 0.276; P < 0.001). This finding is also highly valuable to support in situ conservation and sustainable use of CNB genetic diversity in Bolivia.
机译：可可豆（Theobroma cacao L.）是玻利维亚亚马逊地区重要的经济作物。玻利维亚农民既种植可可，又从贝尼河地区和安第斯山麓山谷的野生林中提取果实。传统上使用的种质群目前被称为“可可玻利维亚诺”（CNB）。使用基于微卫星标记的DNA指纹技术，我们对164个玻利维亚可可种质进行了基因分型，包括从拉巴斯和贝尼的亚马逊地区采样的栽培和野生CNB质种，并将它们的SSR谱图与来自亚马逊可可族的78种参考Forastero种质进行了比较。来自秘鲁乌卡亚里地区的种质。多元排序和分子变异分析的结果表明，CNB可可具有独特的遗传特征，与南美已知的可可种质群明显不同。结果还表明，贝尼河的CNB栽培种群和野生的CNB种群具有相似的遗传特征，这表明栽培的CNB起源于玻利维亚。通过玻利维亚可可中的等位基因丰富度和基因多样性来衡量的遗传多样性水平中等偏高，但明显低于其他亚马逊可可种群的基因多样性。使用自相关分析（rc = 0.232; P <0.001）和Mantel检验（Rxy = 0.276; P <0.001）在野生CNB种群中检测到重要的空间遗传结构。这一发现对于支持玻利维亚CNB遗传多样性的就地保护和可持续利用也具有很高的价值。

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