首页> 外文期刊>Global and planetary change >Arctic freshwater export: Status, mechanisms, and prospects
【24h】

Arctic freshwater export: Status, mechanisms, and prospects

机译:北极淡水出口:现状,机制和前景

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           

摘要

Large freshwater anomalies clearly exist in the Arctic Ocean. For example, liquid freshwater has accumulated in the Beaufort Gyre in the decade of the 2000s compared to 1980-2000, with an extra ≈ 5000 km~3 - about 25% -being stored. The sources of freshwater to the Arctic from precipitation and runoff have increased between these periods (most of the evidence comes from models). Despite flux increases from 2001 to 2011, it is uncertain if the marine freshwater source through Bering Strait for the 2000s has changed, as observations in the 1980s and 1990s are incomplete. The marine freshwater fluxes draining the Arctic through Fram and Davis straits are also insignificantly different. In this way, the balance of sources and sinks of freshwater to the Arctic, Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA), and Baffin Bay shifted to about 1200 ± 730 km~3 yr~(-1) freshening the region, on average, during the 2000s. The observed accumulation of liquid freshwater is consistent with this increased supply and the loss of freshwater from sea ice. Coupled climate models project continued freshening of the Arctic during the 21st century, with a total gain of about 50,000 km3 for the Arctic, CAA, and Baffin Bay (an increase of about 50%) by 2100. Understanding of the mechanisms controlling freshwater emphasizes the importance of Arctic surface winds, in addition to the sources of freshwater. The wind can modify the storage, release, and pathways of freshwater on timescales of O(1-10) months. Discharges of excess freshwater through Fram or Davis straits appear possible, triggered by changes in the wind, but are hard to predict. Continued measurement of the fluxes and storage of freshwater is needed to observe changes such as these.
机译:北冰洋显然存在着较大的淡水异常。例如,与1980-2000年相比,在2000年代的十年中,液态的淡水在Beaufort Gyre中积累了,额外的≈5000 km〜3-约占25%。在这两个时期之间,来自降水和径流的北极淡水源增加了(大多数证据来自模型)。尽管从2001年到2011年通量增加了,但不确定1980年代通过白令海峡的海洋淡水水源是否发生了变化,因为1980年代和1990年代的观测是不完整的。通过Fram和Davis海峡排入北极的海洋淡水通量也没有显着差异。这样,北极,加拿大北极群岛(CAA)和巴芬湾的淡水水源平衡逐渐转移到大约1200±730 km〜3 yr〜(-1),从而在该区域平均2000年代。观察到的液态淡水积累与这种增加的供应量以及海冰中淡水的损失相一致。耦合气候模型项目在21世纪持续推动了北极的更新,到2100年,北极,CAA和巴芬湾的总收益约为50,000 km3(增加了约50%)。对控制淡水机理的理解强调了北极表面风的重要性,以及淡水的来源。风可以在O(1-10)个月的时间尺度上修改淡水的存储,释放和路径。风的变化可能会导致通过弗拉姆海峡或戴维斯海峡排放过量的淡水,但很难预测。需要持续测量通量和淡水的存储量以观察诸如此类的变化。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Global and planetary change》 |2015年第2期|13-35|共23页
  • 作者单位

    Earth & Planetary Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, 329 Olin Hall, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, WA, USA;

    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany;

    Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromso, Norway;

    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany,Ocean Atmosphere Systems GmbH, Hamburg, Germany;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, WA, USA;

    Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland;

    Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromso, Norway;

    Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromso, Norway,NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, The Netherlands;

    Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, WA, USA;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Arctic Ocean; hydrological cycle; oceanography; climate change;

    机译:北冰洋;水文循环海洋学;气候变化;

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号