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首页> 外文期刊>Gynäkologische Endokrinologie >Endokrine Regulation der weiblichen Pubertät
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Endokrine Regulation der weiblichen Pubertät

机译：女性青春期的内分泌调节

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The neuroendocrine changes which initiate puberty are complex. A key role in this process is played by the activation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator through coordinated alterations of different factors which inputs to the GnRH neural network. Due to the reduction of inhibitory influences and increase of excitatory inputs, the GnRH neurons increase their pulsatile GnRH release. The transsynaptic and glial regulation of the GnRH neurons is controlled by various genes and transcriptional factors. The pulsatile GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus induces a pulsatile secretion of gonadotropins from the pituitary gland which causes a stimulation of the ovaries, an increase in serum estradiol concentrations and the clinical onset of puberty with a Tanner B2 breast stage. With ongoing puberty there is also a diurnal pulsatile secretion, while the amplitude of the nocturnal LH secretion increases almost 20 to40-fold. Simultaneously with the onset of puberty there is an increase of the GnRH sensitivity of the pituitary and the gonadotropin receptors.
机译：引发青春期的神经内分泌变化是复杂的。在该过程中的关键作用是通过输入GnRH神经网络的不同因子的协同变化来激活促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）脉冲发生器。由于抑制作用的减少和兴奋性输入的增加，GnRH神经元增加了其脉冲性GnRH释放。 GnRH神经元的突触和神经胶质调节受各种基因和转录因子控制。下丘脑的搏动性GnRH分泌物诱导垂体促性腺激素的搏动性分泌物，从而刺激卵巢，血清雌二醇浓度增加以及Tanner B2乳腺期开始青春期。随着青春期的进行，还存在昼夜搏动性分泌，而夜间LH分泌的幅度增加了近20至40倍。与青春期开始同时，垂体和促性腺激素受体的GnRH敏感性增加。

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