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Determination of Heavy Metals in Fish and Vegetables in Bangladesh and Health Implications

机译：孟加拉国鱼类和蔬菜中重金属的含量测定及其健康意义

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Concentrations of six heavy metals (chromium, nickel, copper, arsenic, cadmium, and lead) in fish and vegetables were estimated to evaluate contamination levels and health risks for Bangladeshi adults. The analyzed metals varied between different species of fish and vegetables. Metals like Ni, Cd, and Pb in fish species were higher than the respective maximum allowable concentrations (MAC), whereas As, Cd, and Pb in some species of vegetables exceeded the MAC. Health risks associated with these metal intakes were evaluated in terms of dietary intake and target hazard quotients (THQs). The THQ values for individual metals were below 1 (except As for some species), suggesting that people would not experience significant health hazards if they ingest a single metal from one species of fish and/or vegetable. However, total metal THQ (TTHQ) signifies the potential non-carcinogenic health hazard to the highly exposed consumers in Bangladesh. Also, the estimation showed that the carcinogenic risk (TR) of arsenic and lead were within the acceptable range for fish but exceeded the accepted risk level for vegetables. From the health point of view, this study showed that the inhabitants who consume contaminated fish and vegetables are exposed chronically to metal pollution with carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic consequences.
机译：估计鱼类和蔬菜中六种重金属（铬，镍，铜，砷，镉和铅）的浓度，以评估孟加拉国成年人的污染水平和健康风险。分析的金属在不同种类的鱼和蔬菜之间变化。鱼种中的镍，镉和铅等金属均高于各自的最大允许浓度（MAC），而某些蔬菜中的砷，镉和铅则超过了MAC。根据饮食摄入量和目标危害商（THQs）评估了与这些金属摄入量有关的健康风险。每种金属的THQ值均低于1（某些物种除外），这表明如果人们从一种鱼类和/或蔬菜中摄入一种金属，则不会对健康造成重大危害。但是，总金属THQ（TTHQ）对孟加拉国高度暴露的消费者意味着潜在的非致癌健康危害。此外，估计表明，砷和铅的致癌风险（TR）在鱼类可接受的范围内，但超过了蔬菜可接受的风险水平。从健康的角度来看，这项研究表明，食用受污染的鱼类和蔬菜的居民长期暴露于金属污染之下，具有致癌和非致癌作用。

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