Model tests performed at a university in Tanzania reveal how various properties of the fill material affect behavior of an earthfill dam during the overtopping process. Understanding these influences can aid in improvement of breach prediction models. For many small earthfill dams, significant overtopping potential exists if inflow exceeds the reservoir storage and spillway outflow discharge capacities. In the Arusha region of Tanzania, which contains about 150 small earthfill dams, several cases of failure have been reported.
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