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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Towards spatial management of fisheries in the Gulf: benthic diversity, habitat and fish distributions from Qatari waters
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Towards spatial management of fisheries in the Gulf: benthic diversity, habitat and fish distributions from Qatari waters

机译：努力实现海湾渔业的空间管理：来自卡塔尔水域的底栖生物多样性，生境和鱼类分布

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As with many other regions in the world, more complete information on the distribution of marine habitats in the Gulf is required to inform environmental policy, and spatial management of fisheries resources will require better understanding of the relationships between habitat and fish communities. Towed cameras and sediment grabs were used to investigate benthic habitats and associated epifauna, infauna and fish communities in the central Gulf, offshore from the east coast of Qatar, in water depths of between 12 and 52 m. Six different habitats were identified: (i) soft sediment habitats of mud and (ii) sand, and structured habitats of (iii) macro-algal reef, (iv) coral reef, (v) mixed reef, and (vi) oyster bed. The epibenthic community assemblage of the mud habitat was significantly different to that of sand, which in turn differed from the structured habitats of coral reef, mixed reef and oyster bed, with the macroalgal assemblage having similarities to both sand and the other structured habitats. Fish assemblages derived from video data did not differ between habitats, although certain species were only associated with particular habitats. Epibenthic diversity indices were significantly lower in mud, sand and macro-algal habitats, with no differences recorded for fish diversity. Soft sediment grab samples indicated that mud habitats had the highest benthic diversity, with Shannon-Weiner values of 4, and were more diverse than sand with values of 3.3. The study demonstrates high biodiversity in benthic habitats in the central and southwestern Gulf, which may in part be due to the absence of trawling activity in Qatari waters. There is a strong influence of depth on benthic habitat type, so that depth can be used to predict habitat distribution with a high level of accuracy. The presence of outcrops of hard substrata creates a mosaic of patchy shallow structured benthic habitat across extensive areas of the offshore seabed. Such heterogeneity, and the association of commercially exploited fish species with specific habitats, indicates that this region is well suited to a spatial approach to fisheries management.
机译：与世界上许多其他地区一样，需要更完整的海湾地区海洋栖息地分布信息来制定环境政策，而渔业资源的空间管理将需要更好地了解栖息地与鱼类群落之间的关系。使用拖曳的照相机和沉积物抓斗来调查卡塔尔东海岸外海中部海湾的底栖生境和相关的动物，动物和鱼类群落，水深在12至52 m之间。确定了六个不同的栖息地：（i）泥浆和（ii）沙子的软沉积物栖息地，以及（iii）大型藻礁，（iv）珊瑚礁，（v）混合礁和（vi）牡蛎床的结构化栖息地。泥质生境的表生动物群落与沙子显着不同，后者又不同于珊瑚礁，混合礁和牡蛎床的结构化生境，大型藻类群落与沙子和其他结构化生境相似。尽管某些物种仅与特定的栖息地相关，但从视频数据中得出的鱼类组合在不同的栖息地之间没有差异。在泥，沙和大型藻类生境中，表皮生物多样性指数明显较低，鱼类多样性没有差异。软质沉积物取样表明，泥质生境具有最高的底栖生物多样性，Shannon-Weiner值> 4，并且比沙子的多样性更高，为3.3。这项研究表明，中部和西南海湾底栖生境中的生物多样性很高，这可能部分是由于在卡塔尔水域没有拖网活动。深度对底栖生境类型有很大影响，因此深度可用于高精度地预测生境分布。硬质基底露头的存在在整个近海海床区域上形成了斑驳的浅层结构底栖生境的马赛克。这种异质性以及将商业开发鱼类物种与特定栖息地联系起来，表明该地区非常适合空间管理方式。

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