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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Sea birds, set-nets, and conservation management: assessment of conflict potential and vulnerability of birds to bycatch in gillnets
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Sea birds, set-nets, and conservation management: assessment of conflict potential and vulnerability of birds to bycatch in gillnets

机译：海鸟，固定网和保护管理：评估潜在冲突和鸟类在刺网中兼捕的脆弱性

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摘要

We addressed the issue of bird bycatch in set-nets in the southern Baltic Sea by (i) assessing the vulnerability of diving birds to drowning by developing a vulnerability index based on weighted bird abundance, (ii) providing information on set-net fishing activities, and (iii) using a spatial overlap approach to indicate the potential conflicts between diving birds and fishing activities. Birds and fisheries concentrated in the same areas. Vulnerability and potential conflict were highest during winter and spring in coastal waters and around shallow offshore grounds. Local bycatch studies validated the usefulness of our approach, which can provide a valuable tool for conservation purposes. Although the conflict analysis outlined the current extent of overlap between birds and fisheries, the vulnerability index indicated important areas and periods in terms of diving bird abundance, irrespective of fisheries, and enabled the development of appropriate conservation and management options. A suite of measures including temporal or spatial restrictions can be derived, despite a scarcity of real data for bycatch rates. This approach is particularly useful for assessing impacts that are difficult to monitor and where mortality cannot be properly addressed, as in artisanal gillnet fisheries. It is also generally applicable to any marine area or species worldwide.
机译：我们通过（i）通过基于加权鸟的丰度制定脆弱性指数来评估潜水鸟易溺水的脆弱性，解决了波罗的海南部集网中的鸟类兼捕问题，（ii）提供有关集网捕捞活动的信息；以及（iii）使用空间重叠法来指示潜水鸟和钓鱼活动之间的潜在冲突。鸟类和渔业集中在同一地区。在冬季和春季，沿海水域和浅海近岸地区的脆弱性和潜在冲突最高。地方兼捕研究证实了我们方法的有效性，可以为保护目的提供有价值的工具。尽管冲突分析概述了鸟类和渔业之间当前的重叠程度，但脆弱性指数指出了无论渔业如何，在潜水鸟类丰度方面的重要领域和时期，并使得能够制定适当的养护和管理选择。尽管缺乏兼捕率的真实数据，但可以推导出包括时间或空间限制在内的一系列措施。这种方法对于评估难以监测的影响以及无法像手工刺网渔业那样无法适当解决死亡率的影响特别有用。它通常也适用于全球任何海洋区域或物种。

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