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Chip-based electrical detection of DNA

机译：基于芯片的DNA电检测

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摘要

A variety of methods have been developed for the detection of the binding of the complementary strand of DNA to a gene chip using electrical rather than the established optical signal techniques. Chip-based DNA sensors offer sensitivity, specificity, parallelisation and miniaturisation for the detection of selected DNA sequences or mutated genes associated with human diseases. Problems associated with the established fluorescence-based optical detection technique include the high equipment costs and the need to use sophisticated numerical algorithms to interpret the data. These problems generally limit its use to research laboratories and make it hard to adapt this detection scheme for on-site or point-of-care use. An electrical readout might be a solution to these problems. A review of a number of different approaches to achieve an electrical readout for a DNA chip is presented. The review covers various methods that are based on the use of metal nanoparticles as labels and also electrochemical methods that use polymer-modified electrodes, DNA-specific redox reporters, and DNA-mediated charge transport techniques.
机译：已经开发出了多种方法来使用电学而不是已建立的光信号技术来检测DNA的互补链与基因芯片的结合。基于芯片的DNA传感器可为检测与人类疾病相关的选定DNA序列或突变基因提供灵敏性，特异性，并行化和小型化。与已建立的基于荧光的光学检测技术相关的问题包括高昂的设备成本以及使用复杂的数值算法来解释数据的需求。这些问题通常将其限制在研究实验室中使用，并使其很难将这种检测方案用于现场或现场护理。电气读数可以解决这些问题。本文介绍了实现DNA芯片电读出的多种不同方法。该综述涵盖了各种基于金属纳米颗粒作为标记物的方法，以及使用聚合物修饰的电极，DNA特异性氧化还原报告基因和DNA介导的电荷传输技术的电化学方法。

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