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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control >Clutter filtering influence on blood velocity estimation using speckle tracking
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Clutter filtering influence on blood velocity estimation using speckle tracking

机译：杂波滤波对斑点跟踪法估计血流速度的影响

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Blood speckle tracking has shown potential for solving the angle-dependency limitation in color flow imaging. However, as clutter filtering is still Doppler-based, flow velocities at near-perpendicular beam-to-flow angles can be severely attenuated. It is shown that the clutter filter also alters the speckle appearance through a decrease in the lateral imaging bandwidth, leading to poorer lateral resolution and thus tracking performance. Interestingly, at perpendicular beam-to-flow angles lateral band-pass characteristics are inferred, and the resulting lateral amplitude modulation could help improve tracking estimates. Simulations and flow phantom experiments showed that substantially improved results could be achieved by utilizing time-variant clutter filters (e.g., polynomial regression filters) despite the inherent decorrelation inferred by these filters, but only for higher ensemble sizes (N > 36). We found that, compared with color flow imaging, speckle tracking could yield consistent estimates well below the clutter filter cutoff, but with a higher variance attributed to the low signalto- noise ratio inferred by filter attenuation. Overall, provided that a low f-number and high ensemble lengths (N approx. > 36) can be used, speckle tracking can consistently provide angle- independent flow velocity estimates, limited only by a lower bound on the flow velocity itself.
机译：血斑跟踪已显示出解决色流成像中角度相关性限制的潜力。但是，由于杂波滤波仍然是基于多普勒的，因此在接近垂直束流角时的流速会严重衰减。结果表明，杂波滤波器还通过减小横向成像带宽来改变斑点外观，从而导致较差的横向分辨率，从而导致跟踪性能下降。有趣的是，在垂直的束流角下，可以推断出横向带通特性，并且所得到的横向幅度调制可以帮助改善跟踪估计。仿真和流幻影实验表明，尽管这些滤波器推断出固有的去相关性，但通过利用时变杂波滤波器（例如多项式回归滤波器）可以实现显着改善的结果，但仅适用于较大的合奏尺寸（N> 36）。我们发现，与彩色流成像相比，散斑跟踪可以产生一致的估计值，该估计值远低于杂波滤波器的截止值，但归因于由滤波器衰减推断出的低信噪比而具有较高的方差。总体而言，如果可以使用低f值和高集合长度（N约> 36），则散斑跟踪可以始终如一地提供独立于角度的流速估算值，仅受流速本身的下限限制。

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