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Regulation and Changes of Enforcement Agents' Position in the Czech Republic

机译：捷克共和国执法人员职位的规定和变动

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The Czech Ministry of Justice is considering changing the regulation of enforcement agents. The enforcement agents are responsible for enforcing court orders by recovering money owed under court judgments. The position of enforcement agents differs according to various national legal frameworks. There are three basic concepts: public agent, private agent, and the middle situation. During the last 10 years, there has been a significant shift from the public to the private position in most European countries. Czech enforcement agents are entrepreneurs (private agents) with some elements of those in public positions. Two main concepts are discussed nowadays as possible changes. There are mandatory deposits from creditors and the concept of territoriality. These changes would have an impact on the market and its structure. The level of competition among different enforcement agents would be influenced negatively. There are significant differences among enforcement agents nowadays. There are less than 160 enforcement agents in the Czech Republic and this number fluctuates. Enforcement offices differ in size measured as the number of solved cases or the monetary value of solved cases (in Czech crowns). Data for this quantitative analysis are readily available. Some data were provided by the Chamber of Executors of the Czech Republic itself, other data were provided by selected institutional creditors. On the other hand, inputs for qualitative analysis (if some offices solve cases of natural or legal persons or some kinds of receivables) are not available at all. The Chamber of Executors of the Czech Republic does not publish detailed data annually. Experiences of institutional creditors show that there is significant variation in the efficiency of enforcement agents' work. As a consequence, institutional creditors cooperate with the same court bailiffs on a long-term basis because these offices have had the highest recovery rates for receivables. The second effect is a reduction in transaction costs when the creditor cooperates repeatedly with the same court bailiff.
机译：捷克司法部正在考虑更改执法人员的规定。执法人员负责通过收回法院判决下的欠款来执行法院命令。执法人员的位置根据各种国家法律框架而有所不同。有三个基本概念：公共代理，私有代理和中间情况。在过去的10年中，大多数欧洲国家/地区已经从公共职位转向私人职位。捷克执法人员是企业家（私人代理商），其中一些人担任公共职务。如今，讨论了两个主要概念作为可能的更改。有来自债权人的强制性存款和领土概念。这些变化将对市场及其结构产生影响。不同执法人员之间的竞争水平将受到负面影响。如今，执法人员之间存在重大差异。捷克共和国的执法人员不到160名，而且这个数字还在波动。执法部门的规模不同，以解决案件数或解决案件的货币价值（以捷克克朗为单位）衡量。此定量分析的数据很容易获得。捷克共和国执行机构本身提供了一些数据，某些机构债权人提供了其他数据。另一方面，根本没有用于定性分析的输入（如果某些办公室解决了自然人或法人或某些应收款的案件）。捷克共和国执行商会每年不发布详细数据。机构债权人的经验表明，执法人员的工作效率存在很大差异。结果，机构债权人长期与同一法院的执达主任合作，因为这些办事处的应收款回收率最高。第二个效果是当债权人反复与同一法院执达主任合作时，交易成本降低。

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  • 来源
    《International Advances in Economic Research》 |2016年第3期|347-349|共3页
  • 作者

    Lubos Smrcka; Jaroslav Schoenfeld; Antonin Stanislav; Dagmar Camska;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Strategy, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Economics in Prague, nam W. Churchilla 4, 130 67 Prague 3, Czech Republic;

    Department of Strategy, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Economics in Prague, nam W. Churchilla 4, 130 67 Prague 3, Czech Republic;

    Faculty of Law, Univerzita Palackeho, Olomouc, Tr. 17. listopadu 8, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic;

    Department of Economic Studies, The Masaryk Institute of Advanced Studies, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kolejni 2637/2a, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;

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