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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of production economics >Gray-market trade with product information service in global supply chains
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Gray-market trade with product information service in global supply chains

机译：全球供应链中的灰色市场贸易与产品信息服务

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This paper investigates the economic effects of a product information service when potential consumers, who are segmented by their taste, exist in gray markets. Specifically, we construct an economic model that considers a multinational firm (MNF) who expands business to a country and chooses whether to provide information service regarding product characteristics. If receiving the information, consumers in a specific segment, whose taste suits the characteristics, have positive utility from consuming the product, while those in other segments have no utility. By contrast, consumers in all segments have positive expected utility before consuming the product without information. With these settings, we demonstrate that there arises the equilibrium that the MNF provides no information service when gray-market trade, i.e., parallel trade, is allowed in the country, leading to lower consumer welfare than when it is prohibited. A primary finding in the equilibrium is that such a situation arises especially when potential consumers are less segmented. In this situation, the regulator in the country should ban the parallel imports so as to enhance consumer welfare. The result is counterintuitive and notable, because one might intuitively infer that gray-market trade is less desirable when customers are more minutely segmented and the product information service is thus more specific and necessary.
机译：本文研究了在灰色市场中存在按口味细分的潜在消费者时，产品信息服务的经济影响。具体而言，我们构建了一种经济模型，该模型考虑了一家跨国公司（MNF），该公司将业务扩展到一个国家，并选择是否提供有关产品特征的信息服务。如果接收到该信息，则特定细分市场中的消费者（其口味符合特征）会从消费产品中获得积极的效用，而其他细分市场中的消费者则没有效用。相反，在消费没有信息的产品之前，所有细分市场的消费者都具有积极的预期效用。通过这些设置，我们证明了当在该国家允许灰色市场贸易（即平行贸易）时，MNF不提供任何信息服务的均衡出现，从而导致消费者福利低于被禁止的水平。均衡的主要发现是，尤其是当潜在消费者的细分较少时，会出现这种情况。在这种情况下，该国的监管机构应禁止平行进口，以提高消费者福利。结果是违反直觉的和值得注意的，因为人们可能会凭直觉推断出，在细分客户的时间更细而产品信息服务更加具体和必要时，灰市交易就不太可取了。

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