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Multiobjective Optimal Formulations for Bus Fleet Size of Public Transit under Headway-Based Holding Control

机译：基于车头保持控制的公交公交车队规模多目标最优公式

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摘要

In recent years, with the development of advanced technologies for data collection, real-time bus control strategies have been implemented to improve the daily operation of transit systems, especially headway-based holding control which is a proven strategy to reduce bus bunching and improve service reliability for high-frequency bus routes, with the concept of regulating headways between successive buses. This hot topic has inspired the reconsideration of the traditional issue of fleet size optimization and the integrated bus holding control strategy. The traditional headway-based control method only focused on the regulation of bus headways, without considering the number of buses on the route. The number of buses is usually assumed as a given in advance and the task of the control method is to regulate the headways between successive buses. They did not consider the bus fleet size problem integrated with headway-based holding control method. Therefore, this work has presented a set of optimal control formulations to minimize the costs for the passengers and the bus company through calculating the optimal number of buses and the dynamic holding time, taking into account the randomness of passenger arrivals. A set of equations were formulated to obtain the operation of the buses with headway-based holding control or the schedule-based control method. The objective was to minimize the total cost for the passengers and the bus company in the system, and a Monte Carlo simulation based solution method was subsequently designed to solve the optimization model. The effects of this optimization method were tested under different operational settings. A comparison of the total costs was conducted between the headway-based holding control and the schedule-based holding control. It was found that the model was capable of reducing the costs of the bus company and passengers through utilizing headway-based bus holding control combined with optimization of the bus fleet size. The proposed optimization model could minimize the number of buses on the route for a guaranteed service level, alleviating the problem of redundant bus fleet sizes caused by bus bunching in the traditional schedule-based control method.
机译：近年来，随着先进的数据收集技术的发展，已经实施了实时公交车控制策略，以改善公交系统的日常运行，尤其是基于车头的保持控制，这是减少公交车聚束，改善服务质量的行之有效的策略。高频巴士路线的可靠性，以及调整连续巴士之间的车头距离的概念。这个热门话题激发了人们对传统的车队规模优化和集成公交车拥堵控制策略问题的反思。传统的基于车头的控制方法仅关注公交车头的调节，而不考虑路线上的公交车数量。通常假定巴士的数量是预先给定的，并且控制方法的任务是调节连续巴士之间的车头距离。他们没有考虑与基于车距的保持控制方法集成的公交车队规模问题。因此，这项工作提出了一套最优控制公式，通过考虑乘客到达的随机性，通过计算最优公交车数量和动态停留时间，将乘客和公交公司的成本降至最低。制定了一组方程，以基于车距的保持控制或基于调度的控制方法获得公交车的运行。目的是使系统中乘客和公交公司的总成本最小化，随后设计了基于蒙特卡罗模拟的解决方法来求解优化模型。在不同的操作设置下测试了此优化方法的效果。在基于进度的保持控制和基于进度的保持控制之间进行了总成本的比较。结果发现，该模型能够通过利用基于车距的公交控制系统以及优化车队规模来降低公交公司和乘客的成本。所提出的优化模型可以在保证服务水平的情况下最小化路线上的公交车数量，从而减轻了传统的基于调度的控制方法中公交车集中导致的冗余公交车队规模的问题。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Advanced Transportation》 |2019年第1期|81-94|共14页
  • 作者

    Liang Shidong; Ma Minghui; He Shengxue;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Business, Shanghai, Peoples R China;

    Shanghai Univ Engn Sci, Coll Automobile Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China;

    Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Business, Shanghai, Peoples R China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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