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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Air Law and Commerce >#METOO AT 35,000 FEET: REDUCING THE RISK OF IN-FLIGHT SEXUAL ASSAULTS
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#METOO AT 35,000 FEET: REDUCING THE RISK OF IN-FLIGHT SEXUAL ASSAULTS

机译：#METOO达到35,000英尺：降低飞行中性侵犯的风险

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According to the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), reports of minors and women sexually assaulted on flights have risen dramatically in the last few years. It remains unclear whether this is the result of more assaults or an increase in victims' courage to report as inspired by the #MeToo movement. In any case, America has been given notice of a truly horrifying problem and a lack of any real hope for victims. This Comment suggests that passenger safety can be improved by creating an Offender No-Fly List for those who have been convicted of inflight sexual assaults. A flight's path through several state jurisdictions means that a victim's rights to criminal and civil remedies change depending on the flight's departure location, destination, and path through the air. Additionally, although federal law criminalizes in-flight assaults, prosecutors often charge offenders with lesser state-law actions that provide offenders with the opportunity to repeatedly offend. Thus, repeat offenders sometimes walk away with seemingly few consequences. Those seeking or enticed by crimes of opportunity will certainly find them in a flight's unique environment. Falling asleep in a dimly lit cabin only a few inches from a complete stranger will always have inherent risk. However, society can make flights safer by enforcing uniform federal penalties that will deter possi- ble offenders and prohibit convicted offenders from flying for a predetermined time. This Comment addresses various ways that the United States has handled other threats to passenger safety and suggests a similar, but tailored approach to deterring in-flight sexual assaults. For example, the government's use of the Terrorist No-Fly List, though arguably effective, raises serious constitutional issues as it seems to penalize innocent citizens in violation of procedural, if not substantive, due process. Unlike the Terrorist No-Fly List, the Offender No-Fly List's travel limitations are not subject to the same due process challenges. This solution punishes offenders, protects possible victims, and reduces recidivism by: (1) preventing offenders from flying for a set time; (2) motivating offenders to seek treatment; and (3) creating a unified database that enhances punishment for repeat offenders. The United States has an opportunity to respond to the cries of these victims. It has the chance to recognize the complexity of the problem and do more than study it. Right now, Congress can make flights safer for everyone without violating the constitutional rights of anyone by implementing the Offender No-Fly List. Years from now, if sexual assaults repeatedly plague minors and women on flights across this country, it will only be because we failed to act now.
机译：根据美国联邦调查局（FBI）的报告，在过去的几年中，有关未成年人和妇女在航班上遭到性侵犯的报道急剧增加。目前尚不清楚这是由于#MeToo运动的启发而发动的更多袭击还是受害者提高举报勇气的结果。无论如何，美国已经意识到一个真正令人恐惧的问题，并且对受害者没有任何真正的希望。该评论建议，可以通过为因机上性侵犯而被定罪的人员创建“违禁者禁飞清单”，从而改善乘客安全。航班经过几个州的管辖区意味着受害人享有刑事和民事救济的权利会根据航班的出发地，目的地和空中路线而变化。此外，尽管联邦法律将空中袭击定为刑事犯罪，但检察官通常会以较少的州法律起诉罪犯，使罪犯有机会屡犯。因此，屡犯者有时似乎很少走开。那些寻求或被机会犯罪所吸引的人肯定会在航班的独特环境中找到他们。在光线昏暗的机舱中入睡，距离一个完整的陌生人只有几英寸，这总是会有内在的风险。但是，社会可以通过执行统一的联邦罚款来使飞行更安全，这将阻止可能的犯罪者并禁止被定罪的犯罪者在预定时间内飞行。该评论阐述了美国应对旅客安全的其他威胁的各种方式，并提出了类似但量身定制的方法来阻止飞行中的性侵犯。例如，政府使用“恐怖分子禁飞名单”虽然可以说是有效的，但它引起了严重的宪法问题，因为它似乎违反了程序上的，甚至不是实质性的正当程序，对无辜公民进行了处罚。与“恐怖分子禁飞清单”不同，“罪犯禁飞清单”的旅行限制不会受到同样的正当程序挑战。该解决方案通过以下方式惩罚犯罪者，保护可能的受害者并减少累犯：（1）防止犯罪者在设定的时间内飞行。 （二）激励罪犯寻求治疗； （3）建立统一的数据库，以加强对屡犯者的惩罚。美国有机会回应这些受害者的呼声。它有机会认识到问题的复杂性，而不仅仅是研究。现在，国会可以通过实施“违者禁飞清单”，使每个人的飞行更加安全，而不会侵犯任何人的宪法权利。几年后，如果性侵犯在这个国家的航班上反复困扰未成年人和妇女，那仅仅是因为我们现在没有采取行动。

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