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Establishing Mathematical Laws of Genomic Variation

机译:建立基因组变异的数学定律

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As the biological arm of the Rasch community, genomic measurement is concerned with asserting and testing hypotheses regarding the quantitative status of genomic variables, including alleles, genotypes, gene expression levels, and phenotypes, as well as DNA, RNA, and protein sequence information. The defining goal of this scientific paradigm, in contrast to the sample-dependent model-fitting and deterministic hypothesis testing of classical statistical genetics, is the identification, validation, and maintenance of a common unit of genomic measurement that maintains its magnitude and meaning, within an allowable range of error, regardless of the laboratory technology used to generate outcomes or the particular group of individuals or organisms under investigation. Such an invariant metric, the basis of a standard genometric scale and associated system of genomic metrology, can be identified, validated, and maintained through 1) routine implementation of the Rasch family of measurement models to construct sample- and scale-free measures from different types of genomic data and 2) cross-calibration of genomic measurement instruments between and among researchers, laboratories, universities, corporations, and databases. This manuscript provides an introductory overview of the guiding principles of fundamental measurement theory and the work of Rasch, connects these concepts to well-known tenets of population genetics, and highlights the potential benefits, both theoretical and applied, associated with achieving objectivity in genomic measurement.
机译:作为Rasch社区的生物学分支,基因组测量涉及确定和检验有关基因组变量的定量状态的假设,包括等位基因,基因型,基因表达水平和表型,以及DNA,RNA和蛋白质序列信息。与经典统计遗传学的样本依赖模型拟合和确定性假设检验相反,该科学范式的定义目标是识别,验证和维护基因组测量的通用单位,该单位在一定范围内保持其数量和含义。允许的误差范围,与用于产生结果的实验​​室技术或所调查的个人或生物体的特定组无关。可以通过1)Rasch系列测量模型的常规实施来构造,构建和评估来自不同领域的无样本和无尺度测量方法,从而确定,验证和维护这种不变的度量标准标准基因组学规模和相关基因组计量系统的基础。基因组数据的类型和2)研究人员,实验室,大学,公司和数据库之间以及之间的基因组测量仪器的交叉校准。该手稿概述了基础测量理论的指导原则和Rasch的工作,将这些概念与种群遗传学的著名原理联系起来,并强调了在实现基因组测量客观性方面在理论上和应用上的潜在收益。

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