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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of applied statistics >Designing Field Experiments which are Subject to Representation Bias
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Designing Field Experiments which are Subject to Representation Bias

机译：设计受制于代表性偏见的现场实验

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The term 'representation bias' is used to describe the disparities that exist between treatment effects estimated from field experiments, and those effects that would be seen if treatments were used in the field. In this paper we are specifically concerned with representation bias caused by disease inoculum travelling between plots, or out of the experimental area altogether. The scope for such bias is maximized in the case of airborne spread diseases. This paper extends the work of Deardon et al. (2004), using simulation methods to explore the relationship between design and representation bias. In doing so, we illustrate the importance of plot size and spacing, as well as treatment-to-plot allocation. We examine a novel class of designs, incomplete column designs, to develop an understanding of the mechanisms behind representation bias. We also introduce general methods of designing field trials, which can be used to limit representation bias by carefully controlling treatment to block allocation in both incomplete column and incomplete randomized block designs. Finally, we show how the commonly used practice of sampling from the centres of plots, rather than entire plots, can also help to control representation bias.
机译：术语“代表性偏差”用于描述根据野外实验估算出的治疗效果与如果在野外进行治疗会看到的效果之间存在的差异。在本文中，我们特别关注由病原菌在样地之间或完全不在实验区域内传播引起的代表性偏差。在空中传播的疾病中，这种偏见的范围已最大化。本文扩展了Deardon等人的工作。 （2004年），使用模拟方法来探索设计和表示偏差之间的关系。在此过程中，我们说明了样地大小和间距以及处理间分配的重要性。我们研究了一类新颖的设计，即不完整的列设计，以发展对表示偏差背后的机制的理解。我们还介绍了设计现场试验的一般方法，这些方法可通过谨慎地控制不完全列和不完全随机块设计中块分配的处理来限制代表性偏差。最后，我们展示了从地块中心而非整个地块采样的常用做法还可以如何帮助控制表示偏差。

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