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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology >Demographically corrected norms for African Americans and Caucasians on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, Stroop Color and Word Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test 64-Card Version
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Demographically corrected norms for African Americans and Caucasians on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, Stroop Color and Word Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test 64-Card Version

机译：经修订的霍普金斯言语学习测验，经修订的简短视觉空间记忆测验，Stroop颜色和文字测验以及威斯康星卡片分类测验64卡版的针对非洲裔美国人和高加索人的经人口统计学校正的规范

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摘要

Memory and executive functioning are two important components of clinical neuropsychological (NP) practice and research. Multiple demographic factors are known to affect performance differentially on most NP tests, but adequate normative corrections, inclusive of race/ethnicity, are not available for many widely used instruments. This study compared demographic contributions for widely used tests of verbal and visual learning and memory (Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised, Hopkins Verbal Memory Test-Revised) and executive functioning (Stroop Color and Word Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64) in groups of healthy Caucasians (n = 143) and African Americans (n = 103). Demographic factors of age, education, gender, and race/ethnicity were found to be significant factors on some indices of all four tests. The magnitude of demographic contributions (especially age) was greater for African Americans than for Caucasians on most measures. New, demographically corrected T-score formulas were calculated for each race/ethnicity. The rates of NP impairment using previously published normative standards significantly overestimated NP impairment in African Americans. Utilizing the new demographic corrections developed and presented herein, NP impairment rates were comparable between the two race/ethnicities and were unrelated to the other demographic characteristics (age, education, gender) in either race/ethnicity group. Findings support the need to consider extended demographic contributions to neuropsychological test performance in clinical and research settings.
机译：记忆和执行功能是临床神经心理学（NP）实践和研究的两个重要组成部分。众所周知，多种人口因素会影响大多数NP测试的表现，但是许多种族广泛使用的工具尚无适当的规范性更正，包括种族/民族。这项研究比较了人群在口头和视觉学习与记忆测试（简明视觉记忆测试，霍普金斯言语记忆测试，修订）和执行功能（Stroop颜色和文字测试，Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64）中的人口统计学贡献。健康的白种人（n = 143）和非洲裔美国人（n = 103）。年龄，教育程度，性别和种族/民族的人口因素被认为是所有四个测试的某些指标上的重要因素。在大多数方面，非裔美国人的人口统计学贡献量（尤其是年龄）更大。为每个种族/民族计算新的，经过人口统计学校正的T分数公式。使用先前发布的规范性标准，NP损伤的比率大大高估了非洲裔美国人的NP损伤。利用本文开发和提出的新的人口统计学校正，NP损伤率在两个种族/族裔之间是可比的，并且与种族/族裔组中的其他人口统计学特征（年龄，教育程度，性别）无关。研究结果支持在临床和研究环境中考虑人口统计学对神经心理学测试表现的贡献。

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