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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience >Leveling the Field for a Fairer Race between Going and Stopping: Neural Evidence for the Race Model of Motor Inhibition from a New Version of the Stop Signal Task
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Leveling the Field for a Fairer Race between Going and Stopping: Neural Evidence for the Race Model of Motor Inhibition from a New Version of the Stop Signal Task

机译：公平地进行出发与停止之间的比赛：新版本的停止信号任务产生的运动抑制比赛模型的神经证据

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The stop signal task (SST) is the gold standard experimental model of inhibitory control. However, neither SST condition-contrast (stop vs. go, successful vs. failed stop) purely operationalizes inhibition. Because stop trials include a second, infrequent signal, the stop versus go contrast confounds inhibition with attentional and stimulus processing demands. While this confound is controlled for in the successful versus failed stop contrast, the go process is systematically faster on failed stop trials, contaminating the contrast with a different noninhibitory confound. Here, we present an SST variant to address both confounds and evaluate putative neural indices of inhibition with these influences removed. In our variant, stop signals occurred on every trial, equating the noninhibitory demands of the stop versus go contrast. To entice participants to respond despite the impending stop signals, responses produced before stop signals were rewarded. This also reversed the go process bias that typically affects the successful versus failed stop contrast. We recorded scalp electroencephalography in this new version of the task (as well as a standard version of the SST with infrequent stop signal) and found that, even under these conditions, the properties of the frontocentral stop signal P3 ERP remained consistent with the race model. Specifically, in both tasks, the amplitude of the P3 was increased on stop versus go trials. Moreover, the onset of this P3 occurred earlier for successful compared with failed stop trials in both tasks, consistent with the proposal of the race model that an earlier start of the inhibition process will increase stopping success. Therefore, the frontocentral stop signal P3 represents a neural process whose properties are in line with the predictions of the race model of motor inhibition, even when the SST's confounds are controlled.
机译：停止信号任务（SST）是抑制控制的金标准实验模型。但是，SST的条件对比（停止与执行，成功与失败停止）均不能完全实现抑制作用。因为停止试验包括第二个很少出现的信号，所以停止与进行对比将混淆抑制与注意力和刺激性处理需求。尽管在成功与失败的停止对比中可以控制此混淆，但在失败的停止试验中，go流程在系统上会更快，从而以不同的非抑制性混杂污染了对比。在这里，我们提出了一个SST变体来解决这两个混杂因素，并评估去除了这些影响后的假定抑制神经指数。在我们的变体中，每次试验都会出现停止信号，这等于停止与进行对比的非抑制性要求。为了诱使参与者在即将到来的停止信号的情况下做出响应，在停止信号得到奖励之前产生了响应。这也扭转了通常影响成功和失败停止对比的执行过程偏差。我们在此新版本的任务中记录了头皮脑电图（以及带有很少停止信号的标准版SST），发现即使在这些条件下，额中央停止信号P3 ERP的属性仍与种族模型保持一致。具体来说，在这两项任务中，P3的振幅在停止与继续比赛中均增加。此外，与在两个任务中均失败的停止试验相比，该P3的发作较成功发生的时间更早，这与种族模型的建议相一致，即较早开始抑制过程将增加停止成功的可能性。因此，即使控制了SST的混杂因素，额中央停止信号P3仍代表着神经过程，其性质与运动抑制的种族模型的预测相符。

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    《Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience》 |2020年第4期|590-602|共13页
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    Univ Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA;

    Univ Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA|Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin Iowa City IA 52242 USA;

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