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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Community Health >A Comparison of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes of STD Clinic Clients in St. Petersburg, Russia and Milwaukee, WI, USA
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A Comparison of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes of STD Clinic Clients in St. Petersburg, Russia and Milwaukee, WI, USA

机译：俄罗斯圣彼得堡和美国威斯康星州密尔沃基市的性病诊所客户对艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识和态度的比较

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摘要

Over the last decade, Russia has experienced alarming increases in rates of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Most empirically validated HIV-prevention studies have been conducted in the United States or other developed nations and it is unclear the extent to which these techniques may be useful in the different conditions found in Eastern Europe. The present study compared HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes toward condoms, perceived vulnerability to HIV, and attitudes towards HIV testing in samples of 400 Russian and 401 American STD clinic patients. Participants in both samples exhibited knowledge deficits. Overall, Russians had less accurate HIV transmission knowledge, fewer sources of HIV-relevant information, and lower perceived vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. In both countries, a desire to be tested for HIV was related to perceived vulnerability to the disease. American participants were more likely to indicate that they planned to be tested (or re-tested) for HIV in the future (88) relative to Russian participants (40). Americans also were more likely to have been tested in the past. Results suggest that interventions designed to work with STD clinic patients are urgently needed but that appropriate intervention strategies may differ from one country to the other, reflecting the more advanced state of the HIV epidemic in the United States vs. the emerging epidemic in Russia.
机译：在过去的十年中，俄罗斯的艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病（STD）发病率上升令人震惊。在美国或其他发达国家进行了大多数经经验验证的艾滋病毒预防研究，目前尚不清楚这些技术在东欧不同条件下有用的程度。本研究在400名俄罗斯和401名美国STD诊所患者的样本中比较了HIV / AIDS知识，对安全套的态度，对HIV的感知脆弱性以及对HIV检测的态度。两个样本中的参与者都表现出知识不足。总体而言，俄罗斯人对艾滋病毒的传播知识不够准确，与艾滋病毒有关的信息的来源也较少，对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的感知脆弱性也较低。在这两个国家，对艾滋病毒进行检测的愿望都与人们对该疾病的易感性有关。相对于俄罗斯参与者（40），美国参与者更有可能表示他们计划在将来对艾滋病病毒进行检测（或重新检测）（88）。过去，美国人也更有可能接受检查。结果表明，迫切需要针对性病门诊患者设计的干预措施，但是适当的干预策略可能在一个国家与另一个国家之间有所不同，反映出美国的HIV流行状况与俄罗斯的新兴流行状况相比更为先进。

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