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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control >Spatial externalities and agglomeration in a competitive industry
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Spatial externalities and agglomeration in a competitive industry

机译：竞争性行业中的空间外部性和集聚

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摘要

We introduce spatial spillovers as an externality in the production function of competitive firms operating within a finite spatial domain under adjustment costs. Spillovers may attenuate with distance and the overall externality could contain positive and negative components with the overall effect being positive. We show that when the spatial externality is not internalized by firms, spatial agglomerations may emerge endogenously in a competitive equilibrium. The result does not require increasing returns at the private or the social level, increasing marginal productivity of private capital with respect to the externality, or location advantages. In fact agglomerations may emerge with decreasing returns to scale, declining marginal productivity of private capital with respect to the externality, and no location advantage. The result depends on the interactions between the structures of production technology and spatial effects as shown in the paper. No agglomerations emerge at the social optimum when spillovers are internalized and diminishing returns both from the private and the social point of view prevail. Numerical experiments with Cobb-Douglas and CES technologies and an isoelastic demand confirm our theoretical predictions.
机译：我们将空间溢出作为调整成本下在有限空间域内运营的竞争性企业生产功能的外部性而引入。溢出可能会随着距离而衰减，并且总体外部性可能包含正向和负向分量，而总体效果为正。我们表明，当空间外部性没有被公司内部化时，空间集聚可能会在竞争均衡中内生地出现。结果不需要在私人或社会一级增加回报，就外部性或位置优势而言，不需要增加私人资本的边际生产率。实际上，随着规模收益的减少，相对于外部性的私人资本边际生产率的下降，可能会出现集聚，而没有区位优势。如本文所示，结果取决于生产技术的结构和空间效应之间的相互作用。当溢出效应被内部化并且从私人和社会的观点来看收益不断减少时，在社会最优状态下就不会出现集聚。使用Cobb-Douglas和CES技术进行的数值实验以及等弹性的需求证实了我们的理论预测。

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