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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Examining the metabolic cost of otariid foraging under varying conditions
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Examining the metabolic cost of otariid foraging under varying conditions

机译：检查不同条件下OTARIID觅食的代谢成本

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In order to understand the effects of changing prey availability on dive behavior and energetic costs, behavior and metabolism must be measured simultaneously. Video dive analysis and open-flow respirometry were used to assess changes in dive behavior and energetics of two captive trained California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) in response to high and low prey densities and increased cost of swimming. Differences in dive duration, foraging duration, dive efficiency and foraging efficiency were examined between high and low prey encounter rates, and between standard and cost-increased dives. Changes in foraging metabolic rate (FVO2) and foraging carbon dioxide elimination (FVCO2) were also assessed across all four conditions. Both animals had longer dive durations, greater dive efficiency and lower FVO2 and FVCO2 levels at high prey encounter rates. Foraging metabolic rate and FVCO2 showed a slight increasing trend in cost-increased bouts for both animals, and surface interval durations were shorter. The results suggest that at high prey encounter rates animals minimize their metabolic rate to extend dive duration. These results also suggest that although FVCO2 decreases under high prey encounter rates, increasing the cost of transport keeps VCO2 levels elevated and increases the animal's oxygen debt, The authors hypothesize that as the level of work increases, the ability of the body to sequester CO2 into bicarbonate diminishes due to an inability of the proton buffering process within the blood and muscles to keep pace with increasing CO2 production. Therefore, CO2 may be a more sensitive physiological marker than O-2 when examining the metabolic cost of foraging. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：为了了解猎物可用性变化对潜水行为和高能成本的影响，必须同时测量行为和新陈代谢。视频潜水分析和开放式呼吸测定法被用来评估潜水员的行为和精力的变化，这是由两只训练有素的加利福尼亚海狮（Zalophus californianus）应对的高低密度猎物和增加的游泳费用。在高和低猎物接触率之间以及标准和成本增加的潜水之间，研究了潜水时间，觅食时间，潜水效率和觅食效率的差异。在所有四个条件下，还评估了觅食代谢率（FVO2）和觅食二氧化碳消除（FVCO2）的变化。两只动物的潜水时间更长，潜水效率更高，并且在高猎物遭遇率下的FVO2和FVCO2含量较低。觅食的代谢率和FVCO2在两只动物的成本增加回合中均显示出轻微的增加趋势，并且地表间隔持续时间较短。结果表明，在高猎物遭遇率下，动物将其代谢率降至最低，从而延长了潜水时间。这些结果还表明，尽管在较高的猎物遭遇率下FVCO2会降低，但运输成本的增加使VCO2的水平升高并增加了动物的氧含量。作者推测，随着工作水平的提高，人体将CO2螯合到体内的能力得以提高。碳酸氢盐减少是由于血液和肌肉中的质子缓冲过程无法跟上二氧化碳生产量的增加。因此，在检查觅食的代谢成本时，CO2可能是比O-2更敏感的生理指标。 （C）2016作者。由Elsevier B.V.发布

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