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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Degrading detritus: Changes in food quality of aging kelp tissue varies with species
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Degrading detritus: Changes in food quality of aging kelp tissue varies with species

机译：降解碎屑：老化的海带组织的食物质量变化因物种而异

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摘要

Export of detrital kelp from the photic zone is thought to provide an important trophic subsidy to adjacent food webs. In the San Juan Archipelago, Washington, deep habitats (e.g. ＞90 m) contain abundant, senescent kelp detritus that presumably is colonized by microbes as it sinks. Such aging algal pieces may be of greater nutritional value than fresh material, and may have reduced levels of polyphenolic compounds, which in living kelps deter both bacterial colonization and herbivory. We report here on a diverse set of experiments designed to test the value to consumers of fresh and aged tissue of two kelps with very different biochemical compositions, Nereocystis luetkeana (low polyphenolics) and Agarum fimbriatum (high polyphenolics). We tested 1) short-term food preference and assimilation efficiency in adult isopods; 2) growth rates of juvenile isopods over 10 weeks; 3) gonad development in urchins over 18 weeks; 4) population growth of copepods over4 weeks and subsequent egg-hatching time; and 5) caloric content, fatty acids, and C:N ratios of fresh and aged tissue of these two kelps, with some additional data for a third kelp species. In a food-choice situation, Nereocystis is strongly preferred over Agarum, and is a superior food by a number of metrics. Aging kelp blades in the dark led to Nereocystis degrading much faster than Agarum. Overall, aging of the two kelp species tended to have opposite effects in various metrics of their value to consumers, so that in many experiments there was a species x age interaction term. Fresh Nereocystis was slightly 'better' than aged in terms of isopod growth and preference, gonad development in urchins, and population growth metrics in copepods, while aged Agarum was 'better' than fresh in a number of these metrics at least over the time scales of our studies. Degrading kelps show broad changes in fatty acids that differed among species, but we did not find a general increase in N as has been suggested elsewhere. In combination with several other recent studies, our data suggest that the value of different types of detritus to deep trophic webs is likely to be both species- and time-dependent.
机译：从碎屑带出口碎屑海带被认为为邻近的食物网提供了重要的营养补贴。在华盛顿州的圣胡安群岛，较深的栖息地（例如> 90 m）含有大量衰老的海带碎屑，其沉没时可能被微生物定殖。这种老化的藻块可能比新鲜材料具有更大的营养价值，并且可能降低了多酚类化合物的含量，在活海带中，多酚类化合物既阻止了细菌的繁殖，也阻止了草食性。我们在这里报告了一组旨在测试两种生化成分非常不同的生化成分非常低的海带（低多酚）和琼脂菌（高多酚）对新鲜和老化组织的消费者价值的实验。我们测试了1）成年等足动物的短期食物偏爱和同化效率； 2）十周龄幼鱼等足动物的生长速度； 3）超过18周的海胆中性腺发育； 4）pe足类的种群增长超过4周并随后孵出卵； 5）这两种海带的新鲜和老化组织的热量含量，脂肪酸和C：N比，以及第三种海带的其他一些数据。在选择食物的情况下，强烈推荐使用神经孢子囊菌，而不是琼脂糖，并且从许多指标来看，它都是优质的食物。在黑暗中老化的海带刀片导致神经孢囊菌的降解速度比琼脂糖快得多。总体而言，两种海带物种的衰老趋向于在对消费者价值的各种衡量指标上产生相反的影响，因此在许多实验中都有一个物种x年龄相互作用项。就等足动物的生长和喜好，海胆的性腺发育以及co足类的种群增长指标而言，新鲜的神经孢囊菌比年龄稍“好”，而至少在整个时间范围内，在许多这些指标中，琼脂的年龄都比新鲜的“好”我们的研究。降解海带显示出不同物种之间脂肪酸的广泛变化，但是我们没有发现氮的普遍增加，正如其他地方所建议的那样。结合其他近期研究，我们的数据表明，不同类型的碎屑对深营养网的价值可能与物种和时间有关。

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  • 作者

    M.N. Dethier; A.S. Brown; S. Burgess; M.E. Eisenlord; A.W.E. Galloway; J. Kimber; A.T. Lowe; C.M. ONeil; W.W. Raymond; E.A. Sosik; D.O. Duggins;

  • 作者单位

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

    University of Michigan, 500 S. State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States,School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States;

    School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

    School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States;

    Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, United States;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Degradation; Detritus; Food value to consumers; Kelp; Microbial colonization; Polyphenolics;

    机译：降解;碎屑;对消费者的食品价值;海带;微生物定植;多酚类;

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