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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Regional, watershed and local correlates of blue crab and bivalve abundances in subestuaries of Chesapeake Bay, USA
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Regional, watershed and local correlates of blue crab and bivalve abundances in subestuaries of Chesapeake Bay, USA

机译：美国切萨皮克湾河口下蓝蟹和双壳类动物丰度的区域，分水岭和局部相关性

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摘要

Blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and deposit- and suspension-feeding bivalves (Macoma balthicaand M. mitchelli) play important roles in the food web of Chesapeake Bay and may serve as indicators of ecological health, particularly in small subestuaries where conditions may be strongly linked to watershed and local factors. We sampled 19 subestuaries of Chesapeake Bay to test hypothesized relationships of blue crabs and bivalves with salinity (a regional indicator), watershed- and local-scale land use, and local habitat and water quality. We divided the subestuaries into five land-use categories: forested, developed, agricultural, mixed agricultural and mixed-developed. We measured water quality, sediment class, physical habitat and adjacent land use/land cover at each of six stations within each subestuary. Fyke nets were employed to estimate blue crab abundance and size-structure, while cores were used to estimate bivalve densities and biomass. Classification and regression tree (CART) analysis indicated that 51% of the variance in blue crab abundance was explained by salinity, watershed land use and shoreline marsh habitat. Crab abundance was greatest at salinities > 16 ppt, but in lower salinities crabs were most abundant along marsh shorelines in forested and mixed land-use watersheds. Juvenile crabs < 85 mm were more strongly associated with shoreline marshes, particularly in subestuaries with forested and mixed land-use watersheds. Macoma spp. were similarly associated with shoreline marshes but mainly in muddy bottoms at moderate-to-high salinities; however the best CART model only explained 25% of variance in bivalve abundance. These results were consistent with our predictions that shoreline wetlands and watershed land use may have important effects on these taxa along the estuarine salinity gradient, and are consistent with hypotheses based on previous descriptive and experimental research linking blue crabs and deposit-feeding bivalves to habitats rich in allochthonous detritus.
机译：蓝蟹（Callinectes sapidus）以及沉积和悬浮喂养的双壳类动物（Macoma balthica和M. mitchelli）在切萨皮克湾的食物网中发挥着重要作用，并且可以作为生态健康的指标，尤其是在条件可能密切相关的小河口地区受分水岭和当地因素影响。我们对切萨皮克湾的19个河口进行了采样，以检验蓝蟹和双壳类动物与盐度（区域指标），分水岭和地方规模的土地利用以及地方生境和水质之间的假设关系。我们将河口分为五个土地利用类别：森林，发达，农业，混合​​农业和混合发达。我们测量了每个子河口六个站中每个站的水质，沉积物类别，物理栖息地以及邻近的土地利用/土地覆盖。 Fyke网用于估计蓝蟹的丰度和大小结构，而核心用于估计双壳类动物的密度和生物量。分类和回归树（CART）分析表明，盐度，流域土地利用和海岸线沼泽生境解释了蓝蟹丰度的51％变化。盐度> 16 ppt时，蟹的丰度最大，但在盐度较低的情况下，在森林和混合土地利用流域的沼泽海岸线上，螃蟹的含量最高。小于85毫米的幼蟹与海岸线湿地的关系更为密切，特别是在具有森林和混合土地利用流域的河口。 Macoma spp。与海岸线沼泽相似，但主要在中度至高盐度的泥泞底部；但是，最佳的CART模型只能解释双瓣丰度的25％差异。这些结果与我们的预测相吻合，即海岸线湿地和流域土地利用可能对沿河口盐度梯度的这些类群产生重要影响，并且与基于先前描述性和实验性研究的假设相一致，这些研究将青蟹和定居养成的双壳类动物与丰富的生境联系起来在异质碎屑中。

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