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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydroinformatics >Life-cycle assessment of common water main materials in water distribution networks
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Life-cycle assessment of common water main materials in water distribution networks

机译：供水管网中常见水主要材料的生命周期评估

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This paper examines the economy-wide environmental impacts linked to the manufacturing of PVC and ductile iron (Dl) pipes, steel tanks, and to the generation of electricity for pumping in water distribution network optimization. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to generate Pareto-optimal solutions of the benchmark 'Anytown' network expansion problem. Selected Pareto-optimal solutions of the 'Anytown' network are evaluated with an economic input-output life-cycle assessment (EIO-LCA) and 14 environmental measures on air emissions, non-renewable energy use and environmental releases. The major findings suggest that Dl and PVC pipe manufacturing and electricity generation activities (for pumping) have higher environmental impacts than steel tank manufacturing and construction activities in the 'Anytown' network. The EIO-LCA suggests that Dl pipe manufacturing is linked to: (i) carbon monoxide emissions from truck transportation and wholesale trade and (ii) land and underground toxic releases from metal mining activities. PVC pipe manufacturing is linked to: (i) carbon monoxide emissions from truck transportation, (ii) toxic air releases from the plastics material and resin manufacturing sector, (iii) land and underground toxic releases from metal mining and resin manufacturing, and (iv) natural gas use for plastics material and resin manufacturing.
机译：本文研究了与PVC和球墨铸铁（Dl）管道，钢制罐的制造以及配水网络优化中抽水发电有关的整个经济环境影响。非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）用于生成基准“ Anytown”网络扩展问题的帕累托最优解。通过经济投入产出生命周期评估（EIO-LCA）以及针对空气排放，不可再生能源使用和环境释放的14种环境措施，对“ Anytown”网络中选定的帕累托最优解决方案进行评估。主要发现表明，Dl和PVC管的制造和发电活动（用于泵送）对环境的影响要比“ Anytown”网络中的钢罐制造和建造活动高。 EIO-LCA建议Dl管道制造与以下方面有关：（i）卡车运输和批发贸易产生的一氧化碳排放量；以及（ii）金属开采活动产生的土地和地下有毒物质排放量。 PVC管的制造与以下方面有关：（i）卡车运输产生的一氧化碳排放；（ii）塑料材料和树脂制造部门的有毒空气排放；（iii）金属采矿和树脂制造中的地面和地下有毒气体排放；以及（iv ）天然气用于塑料材料和树脂的制造。

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