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Handling Qualities Evaluation of Piloting Tools for Spacecraft Docking in Earth Orbit

机译:地球轨道航天器对接试点工具的操作质量评估

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A piloted simulation was conducted to study handling qualities for the final phase of spacecraft docking in Earth orbit. Twelve evaluation pilots, including 10 pilot astronauts, provided Cooper-Harper ratings, task load index component ratings, and qualitative comments. The piloting task was manual translational control with automatic attitude hold during the final 10 ft (3 m) of the approach to docking. A previous study established that with conventional translational control, handling qualities for this task degrade significantly as the level of translation-into-rotation dynamic coupling increases. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of various piloting tools designed to mitigate the handling qualities degradation caused by this coupling. Four piloting tools were evaluated: deadband indicator, flight-path marker, translational flight director, and feedforward control. These piloting tools improved handling qualities, generally with greater improvements resulting from using these tools in combination. A key result of this study is that feedforward control effectively counteracts coupling effects while significantly decreasing propellant consumption, providing satisfactory handling qualities for the spacecraft configuration evaluated.
机译:进行了试验模拟,以研究航天器在地球轨道对接最后阶段的处理质量。 12名评估飞行员(包括10名飞行员宇航员)提供了库珀-哈珀(Cooper-Harper)评分,任务负荷指数成分评分和定性注释。在对接进近的最后10英尺(3 m)期间,飞行员的任务是进行手动平移控制并保持自动姿态。先前的研究表明,使用常规平移控制时,此任务的处理质量会随着平移-旋转动态耦合水平的提高而显着降低。本研究的目的是评估旨在减轻这种耦合导致的操作质量下降的各种试验工具的功效。评估了四种飞行员工具:死区指示器,飞行路径标记,平移飞行指引仪和前馈控制。这些引航工具提高了操作质量,通常结合使用这些工具可以带来更大的改进。这项研究的关键结果是,前馈控制有效地抵消了耦合效应,同时大大降低了推进剂的消耗,为所评估的航天器构型提供了令人满意的操纵质量。

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