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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Monitoring volcanic thermal anomalies from space: Size matters
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Monitoring volcanic thermal anomalies from space: Size matters

机译：从空间监视火山热异常：大小很重要

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摘要

Measuring temperatures on volcanoes from space provides important constraints on the transfer of mass and heat to the Earth's surface. Time series of multispectral infrared images, acquired by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) between 2000 and 2009, were inspected to investigate fluctuations in thermal anomalies at both Mount Erebus (Antarctica) and Lascar volcano (Chile). Several thermal metrics were explored: i) maximum pixel temperatures above background, ii) the spatial extent of low, moderate and high temperature anomalies, and iii) the spatial extent of short-wave infrared anomalies. The maximum pixel temperature metric correlated to eruptive events at Lascar volcano yet displayed significant scatter at Erebus. The spatial extent of both temperature and short-wave infrared anomalies correlates well with eruptive activity at both volcanoes.Limited variation in the size of thermal anomalies was observed at Erebus throughout the time series due to the stability of a long-lived lava lake, with the exception of a seasonal expansion in low temperature anomalies associated with localized snow-melt at the peak. This finding has implications for the interpretation of low temperature anomalies at other volcanoes. At least two different types of precursory signals are identified at Lascar: i) a gradual increase and ii) a dip, in the size and intensity of thermal anomalies. These thermal precursors appear to be associated with different eruptive styles. The former precedes a relatively shallow, short lived eruption; the later a prolonged eruptive period. Such thermal precursors could therefore help to constrain not only the timing but also the style and duration of an imminent eruptive episode.
机译：从太空测量火山上的温度对传质和传热到地球表面提供了重要的限制。检查了由先进星载热发射和反射辐射仪（ASTER）在2000年至2009年之间获取的多光谱红外图像的时间序列，以调查埃里布斯山（南极洲）和拉斯卡火山（智利）的热异常波动。探索了几种热指标：i）高于背景温度的最高像素温度； ii）低温，中度和高温异常的空间范围； iii）短波红外异常的空间范围。与Lascar火山爆发事件相关的最大像素温度度量，但在Erebus处显示出明显的散布。温度和短波红外异常的空间范围都与这两个火山的喷发活动密切相关。由于长期存在的熔岩湖的稳定性，在整个时间序列中，埃雷布斯观察到热异常的大小存在有限的变化。低温异常的季节性扩展与峰值雪融化有关。这一发现对解释其他火山的低温异常具有重要意义。在Lascar，至少可以识别两种不同类型的前兆信号：i）热异常的大小和强度逐渐增加，ii）下降。这些热前体似乎与不同的喷发方式有关。前者是相对浅的，短暂的喷发。后期爆发期延长。因此，这样的热前体不仅有助于限制即将爆发的发作的时间，而且还有助于限制其爆发的时间和方式。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》 |2011年第2期|p.48-61|共14页
  • 作者

    Samuel William Murphy; Carlos Roberto de Souza Filho; Clive Oppenheimer;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Geosdences Institute, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, CEP: 13983-970, Brazil;

    Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Geosdences Institute, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, CEP: 13983-970, Brazil;

    Le Studium, Institute for Advanced Studies, Orleans and Tours, France L'Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orleans, I'Universite d'Orleans, la rue de la Ferollerie, 45071 Orleans, cedex 2, France Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, CB2 3EN, Cambridge, United Kingdom;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    volcano; monitoring; ASTER; Lascar; Erebus;

    机译：火山;监控;紫STER;拉斯卡;空中巴士;

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