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Turbulence and stratification in Priest Pot, a productive pond in a sheltered environment

机译：Priest Pot的湍流和分层-庇护环境中的高产池塘

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Priest Pot is an example of the abundant ponds that, collectively, contribute crucially to species diversity. Despite extensive biological study, little has been reported about the physical framework that supports its ecological richness. This article elucidates the physical character of Priest Pot’s water column and thus that of similar water bodies. Vertical thermal microstructure profiles were recorded during summer 2003 and analyzed alongside concurrent meteorological data. During summer stratification, the thermal structure appeared to be dominated by surface heat fluxes. Surface wind stress, limited by sheltering vegetation, caused turbulent overturns once a surface mixed layer was present but appeared to contribute little to setting up the thermal structure. Variations in full-depth mean stratification occurred predominantly over seasonal and ～5-day time scales, the passage of atmospheric pressure systems being posited as the cause of the latter. In the uppermost ～0.5 m, where the stratification varied at subdaily time scales, turbulence was active (sensu Ivey and Imberger 1991) when this layer was mixed, with dissipation values ε ～ 10?8 m2 s?3 and vertical diffusivity KZ = 10?4 — 10?6 m2 s?1. Where the water column was stratified, turbulence was strongly damped by both buoyancy and viscosity, and KZ was an order of magnitude smaller. Vertical transport in the mixed layer occurred via many small overturns (Thorpe scale r.m.s. and maximum values were typically 0.02 m and 0.10 m, respectively), and seston were fully mixed through the water column.
机译：牧师壶是众多池塘的一个例子，这些池塘共同为物种多样性做出了至关重要的贡献。尽管进行了广泛的生物学研究，但有关支持其生态丰富性的物理框架的报道很少。本文阐明了Priest Pot水柱的物理特性，从而阐明了类似水体的物理特性。在2003年夏季记录了垂直热微结构剖面，并与同期的气象数据一起进行了分析。在夏季分层期间，热结构似乎受表面热通量的支配。一旦存在表面混合层，受遮蔽植被限制的表面风应力会引起湍流倾覆，但似乎对建立热力结构的贡献很小。全深度平均分层的变化主要发生在季节和约5天的时间尺度上，大气压系统的通过被认为是造成后者的原因。在最上层〜0.5 m处，分层在次日尺度范围内变化，当混合该层时湍流活跃（sensu Ivey和Imberger 1991），耗散值为ε〜10？8 m2 s ？3 和垂直扩散系数KZ = 10？4 — 10？6 m2 s？1 。在水柱分层的地方，湍流被浮力和粘度都大大抑制了，KZ 减小了一个数量级。混合层中的垂直输送是通过许多小的倾覆发生的（索氏标度r.m.s.，最大值通常分别为0.02 m和0.10 m），并且塞斯顿通过水柱充分混合。

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