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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Consequences of large-scale salinity alteration during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on subtidal oyster populations
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Consequences of large-scale salinity alteration during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on subtidal oyster populations

机译：深水地平线漏油事件对潮下牡蛎种群的大规模盐度变化的后果

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Response actions associated with oil spills often have significant impacts on ecological communities. During the 87 d long Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the State of Louisiana (USA) released vast quantities of Mississippi River water into 2 estuarine basins (Barataria Bay and Black Bay/Breton Sound) in response to the approach of oil. We assessed the impact on subtidal oyster populations of this novel oil spill response action using 3 independent methods: (1) comparison of fisheries-independent post-spill densities to a pre-spill temporal baseline; (2) comparison of oyster density collected during natural resource damage assessment sampling between the area of maximal freshwater impact and reference areas in the 2 basins; and (3) estimation from a dose-response model derived from an analysis of an in situ mark and recapture study conducted in 2010 to assess the relationship between salinity and oyster mortality. A substantial portion of both basins (483 km(2) of Barataria Bay and 362 km(2) of Black Bay/Breton Sound) experienced prolonged periods of very low (< 5 ppt) salinity in 2010 that lasted at least 1 mo longer than the average duration of low salinity between 2006 and 2009. The 3 approaches all indicate that dramatic losses occurred in the number of market-sized (> 75 mm) oysters as a result of a system-wide lowering of salinities, with an estimated 1.16 to 3.29 billion market-equivalent oysters lost. The efficacy of the large-scale response action of altering hydrographic conditions during the summer oyster growth period should be examined in light of the major perturbation to oyster communities.
机译：与漏油有关的响应行动通常会对生态社区产生重大影响。在长达87天的深水地平线漏油事件中，美国路易斯安那州将大量密西西比河河水释放到2个河口盆地（巴拉塔里亚湾和黑湾/布雷顿峡湾），以应对石油的入侵。我们使用3种独立方法评估了这种新颖的溢油应对措施对潮下牡蛎种群的影响：（1）比较不依赖渔业的溢油后密度与溢油前时间基线的比较； （2）比较在两个区域的最大淡水影响区域和参考区域之间在自然资源损害评估抽样中收​​集的牡蛎密度； （3）从剂量反应模型估算得出，该模型是通过对2010年进行的原位标记和捕获研究进行分析得出的，以评估盐度和牡蛎死亡率之间的关系。两个盆地中的很大一部分（巴拉塔里亚湾的483 km（2）和黑湾/布雷顿海峡的362 km（2））在2010年经历了盐度非常低（<5 ppt）的延长时间，比盐碱持续至少1个月的时间低盐度的平均持续时间在2006年至2009年之间。这3种方法都表明，由于整个系统的盐度降低，导致市场规模（> 75毫米）的牡蛎数量发生了巨大损失，估计为1.16到0.52。损失了32.9亿只相当于市场的牡蛎。应当根据对牡蛎群落的主要扰动来研究夏季牡蛎生长期改变水文条件的大规模响应行动的效果。

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