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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Oil spill response-related injuries on sand beaches: when shoreline treatment extends the impacts beyond the oil
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Oil spill response-related injuries on sand beaches: when shoreline treatment extends the impacts beyond the oil

机译：沙滩上与漏油反应相关的伤害：当海岸线处理将影响扩展到除油之外

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Studies of oil spills on sand beaches have focused traditionally on the effects of short-term oil exposure, with recovery of sand beach macrobenthic communities occurring within several weeks to several years. The Deepwater Horizon spill resulted in chronic, multi-year re-oiling and up to 4 yr of extensive and often intensive treatments. Of the 965 km of sand beaches that were oiled, shoreline treatment was documented on 683 km. Intensive mechanical treatment was conducted from 9 to 45 mo after the initial oiling on 32.4 km of shoreline in Louisiana, and deep beach excavation/sifting and tilling was conducted along 60.5 km in Louisiana, Alabama, and Florida, often along contiguous lengths of beach. Recovery of sand beach invertebrate communities from the combined effects of oiling and treatment would likely be delayed by 2 to 6 yr after the last response action was completed. We introduce the concept of 'Response Injury' categories that reflect both intensity and frequency of beach treatment methods. We use the literature on similar types of disturbances to sand beach communities (foot traffic, vehicular traffic, wrack removal, beach nourishment) to describe the expected impacts. Temporal patterns of response-related disturbances can affect seasonal recruitment of organisms and the overall rate of ecosystem recovery from both oil exposure and treatment disturbance. This concept provides a framework for specifically assessing response-related impacts in future spills, which has not been considered in previous injury assessments.
机译：传统上，对沙滩溢油的研究主要集中在短期石油暴露的影响上，而沙滩大型底栖动物群落的恢复则在数周至数年内发生。 Deepwater Horizo​​n溢油导致长期，多年的换油，并进行长达4年的广泛且经常为密集的处理。在965公里加油的沙滩中，有记录显示683公里处有海岸线处理。在路易斯安那州32.4公里的海岸线上开始注油后，在9到45个月内进行了密集的机械处理，在路易斯安那州，阿拉巴马州和佛罗里达州的60.5公里处（通常沿着连续的海滩长度）进行了深海滩开挖/耕作和耕作。在上次响应行动完成后，从上油和处理的综合作用中恢复沙滩无脊椎动物群落的时间可能会延迟2至6年。我们介绍了“响应伤害”类别的概念，该类别反映了海滩治疗方法的强度和频率。我们使用关于沙滩社区的类似类型干扰的文献（步行，车辆通行，清淤，海滩营养）来描述预期的影响。与响应有关的干扰的时间模式可能会影响生物的季节性募集以及从接触油和处理干扰中恢复生态系统的总体速度。该概念提供了一个框架，用于专门评估未来泄漏中与响应相关的影响，以前的伤害评估中并未考虑这一框架。

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