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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology >Predominance of parallel- and cross-predation in anglerfish
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Predominance of parallel- and cross-predation in anglerfish

机译：angle鱼中平行捕食和交叉捕食的优势

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Several studies in the last 20years have revealed that morphological asymmetry in fish can be characterized as ‘antisymmetry’. Antisymmetry is a lateral dimorphism in which each population consists of individuals with well-developed left sides (lefties) and well-developed right sides (righties). This dimorphism influences predator–prey interactions. In some piscivorous fishes, it has been found that predators can catch more prey of the opposite morphological type to themselves (cross-predation) than of the same morphological type (parallel-predation). Our previous work clarified that the predominance of cross-predation is caused by lateralized behaviors of predators and prey that correspond to their morphological antisymmetry. Moreover, based on the results of our behavioral observations, we hypothesized that parallel-predation can predominate when predators encounter the potential prey frontally. To test this hypothesis, in the present study we investigated the relationship between lateral morphological types of anglerfish (Lophiomus setigerus) and those of the prey fishes found in their stomachs. Anglerfish attract potential prey using their first dorsal fin (illicium) as a lure, and their frontal encounters with potential prey fishes were photographed insitu and observed in an aquarium. The results of a stomach contents analysis indicated that parallel-predation predominated in five benthopelagic prey fish species (perches and eels). By contrast, five benthic prey fishes (gobies and weevers) exhibited the predominance of cross-predation. These results not only demonstrate the predominance of parallel-predation in a natural fish community, but also suggest that the relationship between morphological types of predator and prey species can be reversed depending on the lifestyle of prey.
机译：最近20年的几项研究表明，鱼类的形态不对称性可以称为“反对称性”。反对称是一种横向二态性，其中每个人口都由具有发达的左侧（左撇子）和发达的右侧（右撇子）的个体组成。这种二态性影响食肉动物与猎物的相互作用。在某些食鱼鱼类中，已经发现与相同形态类型（平行捕食）相比，捕食者可以捕获更多与自己相反形态类型（交叉捕食）的猎物。我们先前的工作表明，交叉捕食的优势是由与它们的形态反对称性相对应的掠食者和猎物的侧向行为引起的。此外，根据我们行为观察的结果，我们假设当掠夺者正面遇到潜在的猎物时，平行掠夺可能占主导地位。为了验证这一假设，在本研究中，我们研究了琵琶鱼（Lophiomus setigerus）的侧向形态类型与在其胃中发现的pre鱼的形态之间的关系。 r鱼以第一个背鳍（）为诱剂吸引潜在的猎物，并与它们正面接触，并在水族馆中观察到了潜在的猎物。胃内容物分析的结果表明，平行捕食在五个底栖上层捕食鱼类（鲈鱼和鳗鱼）中占优势。相比之下，五种底栖猎物（古比和韦伯）表现出交叉捕食的优势。这些结果不仅证明了在自然鱼类群落中平行捕食的优势，而且还表明，根据猎物的生活方式，捕食者的形态类型与猎物种类之间的关系可以逆转。

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