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Experimental field study of floater motion effects on a main bearing in a full-scale spar floating wind turbine

机译：浮动运动效应对全尺度翼梁浮风式风力涡轮机的主轴承的实验研究

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摘要

In this paper we present a full-scale experimental field study of the effects of floater motion on a main bearing in a 6 MW turbine on a spar-type floating substructure. Floating wind turbines are necessary to access the full offshore wind power potential, but the characteristics of their operation leave a gap with respect to the rapidly developing empirical knowledge on operation of bottom-fixed turbines. Larger wind turbines are one of the most important contributions to reducing cost of energy, but challenge established drivetrain layouts, component size envelopes and analysis methods. We have used fibre optic strain sensor arrays to measure circumferential strain in the stationary ring in a main bearing. Strain data have been analysed in the time domain and the frequency domain and compared with data on environmental loads, floating turbine motion and turbine operation. The results show that the contribution to fluctuating strain from in-plane bending strain is two orders of magnitude larger than that from membrane strain. The fluctuating in-plane bending strain is the result of cyclic differences between blade bending moments, both in and out of the rotor plane, and is driven by wind loads and turbine rotation. The fluctuating membrane strain appears to be the result of both axial load from thrust, because of the bearing and roller geometry, and radial loads on the rotating bearing ring from total out-of-plane bending moments in the three blades. The membrane strain shows a contribution from slow-varying wind forces and floating turbine pitch motion. However, as the total fluctuating strain is dominated by the intrinsic effects of blade bending moments in these turbines, the relative effect of floater motion is very small. Mostly relevant for the intrinsic membrane strain, sum and difference frequencies appear in the measured responses as the result of nonlinear system behaviour. This is an important result with respect to turbine modelling and simulation, where global structural analyses and local drivetrain analyses are frequently decoupled.
机译：本文介绍了一种全规模的实验领域，对浮动运动浮动运动对翼梁型浮动子结构的6 MW涡轮机中的主要轴承的影响。浮动风力涡轮机是进入完整的海上风电势的必要条件，但它们的操作特征在于迅速发展的底部固定涡轮机的运行迅速发展的差距。较大的风力涡轮机是降低能源成本的最重要的贡献之一，但挑战建立了动力传动系统布局，组分尺寸包络和分析方法。我们使用了光纤应变传感器阵列来测量主轴承的固定环中的圆周应变。已经在时域和频域中分析了应变数据，并与环境负荷数据进行比较，浮动涡轮运动和涡轮机操作。结果表明，从面内弯曲应变的波动应变的贡献是比膜菌株大的两个数量级。平面波动弯曲应变是叶片弯矩之间的循环差异，两者在转子平面内和出来之间的循环差异，并且由风载和涡轮旋转驱动。波动膜菌株似乎是轴向载荷的结果，因为轴承和滚子几何形状，以及旋转轴承环上的径向载荷，从三个叶片中的完全外平面弯曲时刻。膜菌株显示出慢速风力和浮动涡轮桨距运动的贡献。然而，随着总波动应变由这些涡轮机中的叶片弯矩的内在效果主导，浮动运动的相对效果非常小。由于非线性系统行为的结果，与内在膜应变，总和和差频率出现在测量的响应中。这是关于涡轮机建模和仿真的重要结果，其中全局结构分析和局部动力传动系统分析经常脱钩。

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