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New Method for Determination of Applied and Residual Stresses in Anisotropic Materials from Ultrasonic Velocity Measurement

机译：超声速度测量确定各向异性材料中施加和残余应力的新方法

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A novel technique for absolute stress determination in orthotropic materials from angular dependencies of ultrasonic velocities is described. The technique is applicable for determination of both applied and residual stresses and does not require calibration measurements on a reference sample. The important advantage of this method is that the stress is determined simultaneously with stress dependent elastic constants and is thus decoupled from the material texture. It is demonstrated that when the principal plane stress directions coincide with acoustical axes, the angular velocity data in the plane perpendicular to the stress plane may be used to determine both stress components. When the stress is off the acoustical axes, the shear and the difference of the normal stress components may be determined from the angular dependence of group velocities in the plane of stresses. Synthetic sets of experimental data corresponding to materials with different anisotropy and stress levels are used to check the applicability of the technique. The method is also verified experimentally. A high precision ultrasonic wave transmission technique is developed to measure angular dependence of ultrasonic velocities. Examples of stress determination from experimental velocity data are given.
机译：描述了一种从超声速度的角度依赖性确定正交异性材料中绝对应力的新技术。该技术适用于确定施加应力和残余应力，并且不需要对参考样品进行校准测量。该方法的重要优点是，应力是与应力相关的弹性常数同时确定的，因此可以与材料纹理分离。已经证明，当主平面应力方向与声轴一致时，垂直于应力平面的平面中的角速度数据可以用于确定两个应力分量。当应力偏离声轴时，可以根据应力平面中组速度的角度依赖性确定剪切力和法向应力分量的差。对应于具有不同各向异性和应力水平的材料的实验数据的合成集用于检查该技术的适用性。该方法也已通过实验验证。开发了一种高精度的超声波传输技术，以测量超声波速度的角度依赖性。给出了从实验速度数据确定应力的示例。

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