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Preparation and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles in Liquid Solutions

机译：液体溶液中金纳米粒子的制备与表征

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Gold nanoparticles and their applications are currently intensively studied materials with promising properties that are used in many fields, including optoelectronics or catalysis. They are used in modern nanobiotechnology for the production of biosensors, visualization of cellular structures, targeted transport of drugs. Colloid solutions of nanoparticles are studied for their unique physical and chemical properties that are different from the "bulk" materials. In all applications of nanotechnology the size and shape of the nanoparticles play an important role. Numerous studies describe the unique properties of gold nanoparticles, which can be used in applications such as fuel cells, environmental and other chemical processes. In this chapter we summarized the basic techniques of preparation of nanoparticle solutions. Principles of applications on the basis of nanoparticle solutions (unique optical properties, in particular a localized surface plasmon resonance LSPR (localized surface plasmon resonance)) are described. The study of their optical properties depending on a stability and aggregation mechanisms of colloids is also presented. Change of the solutions stability may be accompanied by significant external change (shrinkage, discoloration) indicating adverse changes in properties (increase distribution, aggregation). The particles with desirable properties can be synthesized by various approaches, as the result we can obtain the desired particle size, shape and distribution. To maintain the properties of the solutions we use different techniques (stabilized by electrostatic forces, polymer stabilization, chemical coating). Much attention is devoted to the method of preparation of ultrapure gold nanoparticles in solution by cathode sputtering directly onto polyethylene glycol or glycerol. This method allows to obtain the stable colloidal metal solutions ready for use without using of chemical reactions and stabilizing or reducing agents with wide applications based on theirs unique optical properties and anti-bacterial applications.
机译：目前，金纳米颗粒及其应用已被广泛研究，这些材料具有广阔的前景，可用于许多领域，包括光电或催化领域。它们用于现代纳米生物技术中，用于生产生物传感器，细胞结构可视化，靶向药物运输。研究了纳米粒子的胶体溶液的独特物理和化学性质，这些性质不同于“散装”材料。在纳米技术的所有应用中，纳米颗粒的大小和形状起着重要作用。大量研究描述了金纳米颗粒的独特性能，可用于燃料电池，环境和其他化学过程等应用中。在本章中，我们总结了制备纳米颗粒溶液的基本技术。描述了基于纳米颗粒溶液的应用原理（独特的光学性质，特别是局部表面等离子体共振LSPR（局部表面等离子体共振））。还提出了根据胶体的稳定性和聚集机理对它们的光学性质的研究。溶液稳定性的变化可能伴随着明显的外部变化（收缩，变色），表明性质发生了不利的变化（分布增加，聚集）。具有所需性质的颗粒可以通过多种方法合成，结果我们可以获得所需的粒径，形状和分布。为了保持溶液的性能，我们使用了不同的技术（通过静电力稳定，聚合物稳定，化学涂层）。通过阴极溅射直接在聚乙二醇或甘油上制备溶液中的超纯金纳米颗粒的方法引起了人们的极大关注。该方法基于其独特的光学特性和抗菌应用，无需广泛的应用即可获得无需化学反应和稳定剂或还原剂即可使用的稳定的胶态金属溶液。

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  • 来源
    《Nanotechnology research journal》 |2015年第2期|163-207|共45页
  • 作者

    P. Slepicka; R. Elashnikov; N. Slepickova Kasalkova; J. Siegel; A. Reznickova; Z. Kolska; V. Svorcik;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkyne University, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic;

    Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic;

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