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首页> 外文期刊>Natural Hazards Review >Performance of Traffic Networks during Multimodal Evacuations: Simulation-Based Assessment
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Performance of Traffic Networks during Multimodal Evacuations: Simulation-Based Assessment

机译：多式联运疏散过程中交通网络的性能：基于仿真的评估

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Mass evacuations of urbanized areas can be expected to generate traffic demand significantly in excess of routine daily travel conditions. Depending on the nature of the hazard and the population characteristics within the threat area, the elevated demand conditions may last for several days and can impact thousands of miles of roads. This paper presents the results of a project to evaluate the impact of a transit bus-based evacuation on the operation of a regional road network during a mass evacuation. In the project, the TRANSIMS agent-based simulation system was used to model the Citizen-Assisted Evacuation Plan (CAEP) for the City of New Orleans within the context of a general evacuation. Regional plans developed by Louisiana officials to support the evacuation of low-mobility individuals when under threat of hurricanes were used to code the model. However, because these plans have yet to be fully implemented, their benefits, effect on the overall evacuation operation, and the adequacy of the service they will provide has not been evaluated. In this the operational traffic characteristics of the busses and other vehicles involved in the evacuation operation were simulated under a range of conditions. The results showed that while the CAEP busses were able to increase the total number of people evacuated from the threat area, the additional vehicles had a minimal impact when they were routed exclusively to arterial evacuation routes. However, when bussed were routed to more heavily utilized freeways, travel delays increased and congestion queues increased by about 50 percent.
机译：预计城市地区的大规模撤离将大大超出日常例行交通条件。根据危险的性质和威胁区域内的人口特征，高需求条件可能会持续数天，并可能影响数千英里的道路。本文介绍了评估大规模疏散过程中基于公交巴士的疏散对区域道路网络运行的影响的项目结果。在该项目中，基于TRANSIMS代理程序的模拟系统用于在常规疏散情况下为新奥尔良市的市民协助疏散计划（CAEP）建模。路易斯安那州官员制定了支持在飓风威胁下疏散低机动人员的区域计划，以对该模型进行编码。但是，由于这些计划尚未完全实施，因此尚未评估它们的好处，对总体疏散操作的影响以及它们将提供的服务的充分性。在这种情况下，在一定条件下模拟了疏散操作中的公共汽车和其他车辆的操作交通特性。结果表明，尽管CAEP公交车能够增加从威胁区域撤离的人员总数，但当这些附加车辆仅被安排到动脉疏散路线时，其影响最小。但是，将公共汽车送往利用率更高的高速公路时，旅行延误增加了，拥堵队列增加了约50％。

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