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Sustained formation of progenitor globular clusters in a giant elliptical galaxy

机译:巨型椭圆星系中祖球状星团的持续形成

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Globular clusters (GCs) are thought to be ancient relics from the early formative phase of galaxies, although their physical origin remains uncertain(1,2). GCs are most numerous around massive elliptical galaxies, where they can exhibit a broad colour dispersion, suggesting a wide metallicity spread(3). Here, we show that many thousands of compact and massive (similar to 5 x 10(3)-3 x 10(6) M-circle dot) star clusters have formed at an approximately steady rate over, at least, the past similar to 1 Gyr around NGC 1275, the central giant elliptical galaxy of the Perseus cluster. Beyond similar to 1 Gyr, these star clusters are indistinguishable in broadband optical colours from the more numerous GCs. Their number distribution exhibits a similar dependence with luminosity and mass as the GCs, whereas their spatial distribution resembles a filamentary network of multiphase gas(4,5) associated with cooling of the intracluster gas(6,7). The sustained formation of these star clusters demonstrates that progenitor GCs can form over cosmic history from cooled intracluster gas, thus contributing to both the large number and broad colour dispersion-owing to an age spread, in addition to a spread in metallicity-of GCs in massive elliptical galaxies. The progenitor GCs have minimal masses well below the maximal masses of Galactic open star clusters, affirming a common formation mechanism for star clusters over all mass scales(8-10) irrespective of their formative pathways.
机译:球状星团(GCs)被认为是星系形成初期的古代遗迹,尽管其物理起源尚不确定(1,2)。 GC在大量椭圆形星系周围数量最多,在那里它们可以表现出较宽的色散,表明其金属性分布较宽(3)。在这里,我们表明至少在过去类似的情况下,成千上万个紧凑且巨大的星团(类似于5 x 10(3)-3 x 10(6)M圆点)已经以近似稳定的速率形成。英仙座星团的中央巨型椭圆星系NGC 1275附近有1 Gyr。除了类似于1 Gyr外,这些星团在宽带光学颜色上与众多GC并无区别。它们的数量分布表现出与GC相似的发光度和质量依赖性,而它们的空间分布类似于与簇内气体冷却(6,7)相关的多相气体的丝状网络(4,5)。这些恒星团的持续形成表明,祖先的GC可以从冷却的团簇内部气体形成的宇宙历史中形成,因此,除了年龄分布外,GC的GC的金属性也有所扩散,从而导致大量和广泛的色散。巨大的椭圆星系。祖先GC的最小质量远低于银河系开放星团的最大质量,这证实了星团在所有质量尺度(8-10)上的共同形成机制,无论其形成途径如何。

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  • 来源
    《Nature Astronomy》 |2020年第2期|153-158|共6页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Hong Kong Dept Phys Hong Kong Peoples R China;

    Acad Sinica Inst Astron & Astrophys Taipei Taiwan;

    Univ Basque Country UPV EHU Dept Theoret Phys Bilbao Spain|Basque Fdn Sci Ikerbasque Bilbao Spain|Donostia Int Phys Ctr San Sebastian Spain;

    Princeton Univ Dept Astrophys Sci Princeton NJ 08544 USA;

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