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Electron attraction mediated by Coulomb repulsion

机译：库仑斥力介导的电子吸引

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摘要

One of the defining properties of electrons is their mutual Coulomb repulsion. However, in solids this basic property may change; for example, in superconductors, the coupling of electrons to lattice vibrations makes the electrons attract one another, leading to the formation of bound pairs. Fifty years ago it was proposed(1) that electrons can be made attractive even when all of the degrees of freedom in the solid are electronic, by exploiting their repulsion from other electrons. This attraction mechanism, termed 'excitonic', promised to achieve stronger and more exotic superconductivity(2-6). Yet, despite an extensive search(7), experimental evidence for excitonic attraction has yet to be found. Here we demonstrate this attraction by constructing, from the bottom up, the fundamental building block(8) of the excitonic mechanism. Our experiments are based on quantum devices made from pristine carbon nanotubes, combined with cryogenic precision manipulation. Using this platform, we demonstrate that two electrons can be made to attract each other using an independent electronic system as the 'glue' that mediates attraction. Owing to its tunability, our system offers insights into the underlying physics, such as the dependence of the emergent attraction on the underlying repulsion, and the origin of the pairing energy. We also demonstrate transport signatures of excitonic pairing. This experimental demonstration of excitonic pairing paves the way for the design of exotic states of matter.
机译：电子的定义特性之一是它们相互之间的库仑斥力。但是，在固体中，此基本属性可能会发生变化；例如，在超导体中，电子与晶格振动的耦合使电子相互吸引，从而形成束缚对。五十年前，有人提出（1），通过利用其他电子的排斥力，即使固体中所有自由度都是电子的，也可以使电子具有吸引力。这种被称为“激子”的吸引机制有望实现更强，更奇特的超导性（2-6）。然而，尽管进行了广泛的研究（7），但尚未发现激子吸引的实验证据。在这里，我们通过自下而上构造激子机制的基本构成部分（8）来展示这种吸引力。我们的实验基于原始碳纳米管制成的量子装置，并结合了低温精密操作。使用该平台，我们证明了可以使用独立的电子系统作为介导吸引力的“胶水”，使两个电子相互吸引。由于其可调性，我们的系统提供了对基础物理的见解，例如涌现的吸引力对基础排斥的依赖性以及配对能量的起源。我们还展示了激子配对的运输特征。激子对的这一实验演示为设计奇特的物质状态铺平了道路。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2016年第7612期|395-400|共6页
  • 作者

    Hamo A.; Benyamini A.; Shapir I.; Khivrich I.; Waissman J.; Kaasbjerg K.; Oreg Y.; von Oppen F.; Ilani S.;

  • 作者单位

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel|Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel|Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Micro & Nanotechnol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

    Free Univ Berlin, Dahlem Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany|Free Univ Berlin, Fachbereich Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

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