It is a fact. Having children comes at a higher cost to a woman's academic science career than to a man's. That finding prompted all ten campuses of the University of California in 2003 to adopt family-friendly policy reforms, such as giving mothers two semesters and fathers one semester without teaching responsibilities and automatically extending the allowed time in which to gain tenure by one year after the birth of each child. The policies were brought in after a report (go.nature.com/pbhjyd) produced for the university by Mary Ann Mason and her colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley, showed that although every academic researcher is busy, women with children were working the most, devoting more than 100 hours to work, domestic and child-care responsibilities each week (compared with fewer than 80 hours per week for faculty members without children).
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机译：这是事实。生育子女对女性的学术事业而言要比对男性付出的代价更高。这一发现促使2003年加利福尼亚大学的所有十个校园采取了家庭友好型的政策改革，例如给母亲两个学期，父亲一个学期不承担教学职责，并自动将允许的任职时间延长至每个孩子的出生。这项政策是在玛丽·安·梅森（Mary Ann Mason）和她的加州大学伯克利分校的同事为该大学制作的一份报告（go.nature.com/pbhjyd）显示，尽管每位学术研究人员都很忙，但有孩子的妇女正在工作时才提出了这些政策最多的是，每周要花费100多个小时的工作，家庭和育儿职责（相比之下，没有孩子的教职员工每周要花费少于80个小时）。
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