Colloidal particles tend to have minimum-area spherical or topologically equivalent shapes that are determined by the minimization of surface energy. Bohdan Senyuk et al. report the synthesis and characterization of colloidal particles of higher topological genus' or g value - from doughnut-shaped g= through 'pair of glasses' g = 2 tog = 5.
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机译：胶体颗粒倾向于具有最小面积的球形或拓扑等效形状，这些形状由表面能的最小化确定。 Bohdan Senyuk等。报告了具有较高拓扑属的胶体颗粒的合成和特征或g值-从甜甜圈状的g =到“一副眼镜” g = 2 tog = 5。
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