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首页> 外文期刊>Nature >A photosynthetic alveolate closely related to apicomplexan parasites
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A photosynthetic alveolate closely related to apicomplexan parasites

机译：与蜂复合体寄生虫密切相关的光合肺泡

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摘要

Many parasitic Apicomplexa, such as Plasmodium falciparum, contain an unpigmented chloroplast remnant termed the apicoplast, which is a target for malaria treatment. However, no close relative of apicomplexans with a functional photosynthetic plastid has yet been described. Here we describe a newly cultured organism that has ultrastructural features typical for alveolates, is phylogenetically related to apicomplexans, and contains a photosynthetic plastid. The plastid is surrounded by four membranes, is pigmented by chlorophyll a, and uses the codon UGA to encode tryptophan in the psbA gene. This genetic feature has been found only in coccidian apicoplasts and various mitochondria. The UGA-Trp codon and phylogenies of plastid and nuclear ribosomal RNA genes indicate that the organism is the closest known photosynthetic relative to apicomplexan parasites and that its plastid shares an origin with the apicoplasts. The discovery of this organism provides a powerful model with which to study the evolution of parasitism in Apicomplexa.
机译：许多寄生的蚜虫复合体，例如恶性疟原虫，都含有未着色的叶绿体残余物，称为apicoplast，它是疟疾治疗的目标。然而，尚未描述具有功能性光合质体的apicomplexans的近亲。在这里，我们描述了一种新培养的生物体，它具有典型的肺泡超微结构特征，与apicomplexans发生系统发育相关，并含有光合质体。该质体被四个膜包围，由叶绿素a着色，并使用密码子UGA编码psbA基因中的色氨酸。仅在球虫的无纺布和各种线粒体中发现了这种遗传特征。 UGA-Trp密码子以及质体和核糖核RNA基因的系统发育表明，该生物是相对于apicomplexan寄生虫最接近的光合作用，并且其质体与apicoplasts有共同的起源。这种生物的发现提供了一个强大的模型，可用来研究蜂复合体中寄生虫的进化。

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