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Preserving the evolutionary potential of floras in biodiversity hotspots.

机译：保留生物多样性热点地区植物区系的进化潜力。

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摘要

One of the biggest challenges for conservation biology is to provide conservation planners with ways to prioritize effort. Much attention has been focused on biodiversity hotspots. However, the conservation of evolutionary process is now also acknowledged as a priority in the face of global change. Phylogenetic diversity (PD) is a biodiversity index that measures the length of evolutionary pathways that connect a given set of taxa. PD therefore identifies sets of taxa that maximize the accumulation of 'feature diversity'. Recent studies, however, concluded that taxon richness is a good surrogate for PD. Here we show taxon richness to be decoupled from PD, using a biome-wide phylogenetic analysis of the flora of an undisputed biodiversity hotspot--the Cape of South Africa. We demonstrate that this decoupling has real-world importance for conservation planning. Finally, using a database of medicinal and economic plant use, we demonstrate that PD protection is the best strategy for preserving feature diversity in the Cape. We should be able to use PD to identify those key regions that maximize future options, both for the continuing evolution of life on Earth and for the benefit of society.
机译：保护生物学面临的最大挑战之一是为保护规划者提供确定工作优先次序的方法。人们已经将许多注意力集中在生物多样性热点上。但是，面对全球变化，保护进化过程现在也被认为是当务之急。系统发育多样性（PD）是一种生物多样性指数，用于衡量连接给定分类群的进化途径的长度。因此，PD会确定可最大程度地积累“功能多样性”的分类单元集。但是，最近的研究得出的结论是，分类单元丰富度是PD的良好替代。在这里，我们通过对无可争辩的生物多样性热点-南非海角的植物群进行系统生物系统发育分析，证明了分类生物丰富度与PD脱钩。我们证明了这种解耦对于保护规划具有现实意义。最后，使用药用和经济植物利用数据库，我们证明了PD保护是保护开普省特征多样性的最佳策略。我们应该能够使用PD来识别那些可以最大化未来选择的关键区域，无论是地球上生命的持续发展还是造福于社会。

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