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An aluminium nitride light-emitting diode with a wavelength of 210 nanometres

机译：波长为210纳米的氮化铝发光二极管

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摘要

Compact high-efficiency ultraviolet solid-state light sources(1) such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes - are of considerable technological interest as alternatives to large, toxic, low-efficiency gas lasers and mercury lamps. Microelectronic fabrication technologies and the environmental sciences both require light sources with shorter emission wavelengths: the former for improved resolution in photolithography and the latter for sensors that can detect minute hazardous particles. In addition, ultraviolet solid-state light sources are also attracting attention for potential applications in high-density optical data storage, biomedical research, water and air purification, and sterilization. Wide-bandgap materials, such as diamond(2) and III - V nitride semiconductors (GaN, AlGaN and AlN; refs 3 - 10), are potential materials for ultraviolet LEDs and laser diodes, but suffer from difficulties in controlling electrical conduction. Here we report the successful control of both n-type and p-type doping in aluminium nitride ( AlN), which has a very wide direct bandgap(11) of 6 eV. This doping strategy allows us to develop an AlN PIN (p-type/intrinsic-type) homojunction LED with an emission wavelength of 210 nm, which is the shortest reported to date for any kind of LED. The emission is attributed to an exciton transition, and represents an important step towards achieving exciton-related light-emitting devices as well as replacing gas light sources with solid-state light sources.
机译：紧凑的高效紫外线固态光源（1），例如发光二极管（LED）和激光二极管-作为大型，有毒，低效率的气体激光器和水银灯的替代品，具有重大的技术意义。微电子制造技术和环境科学都要求光源具有较短的发射波长：前者用于提高光刻的分辨率，而后者则用于能够检测微小危险颗粒的传感器。此外，紫外线固态光源在高密度光学数据存储，生物医学研究，水和空气净化以及消毒方面的潜在应用也引起了人们的关注。宽带隙材料，例如Diamond（2）和III-V型氮化物半导体（GaN，AlGaN和AlN；参考文献3-10），是紫外线LED和激光二极管的潜在材料，但在控制导电方面存在困难。在这里，我们报道了氮化铝（AlN）中n型和p型掺杂的成功控制，氮化铝具有非常宽的6 eV的直接带隙（11）。这种掺杂策略使我们能够开发出发射波长为210 nm的AlN PIN（p型/本征型/ n型）同质结LED，这是迄今为止报道的任何一种LED中最短的。该发射归因于激子跃迁，并且是朝着实现与激子有关的发光装置以及用固态光源代替气体光源迈出的重要一步。

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