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首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Receptor clustering as a cellular mechanism to control sensitivity (see comments)
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Receptor clustering as a cellular mechanism to control sensitivity (see comments)

机译：受体聚集作为控制敏感性的细胞机制（请参阅注释）

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Chemotactic bacteria such as Escherichia coli can detect and respond to extremely low concentrations of attractants, concentrations of less than 5 nM in the case of aspartate. They also sense gradients of attractants extending over five orders of magnitude in concentration (up to 1 mM aspartate). Here we consider the possibility that this combination of sensitivity and range of response depends on the clustering of chemotactic receptors on the surface of the bacterium. We examine what will happen if ligand binding changes the activity of a receptor, propagating this change in activity to neighbouring receptors in a cluster. Calculations based on these assumptions show that sensitivity to extracellular ligands increases with the extent of spread of activity through an array of receptors, but that the range of concentrations over which the array works is severely diminished. However, a combination of low threshold of response and wide dynamic range can be attained if the cell has both clusters and single receptors on its surface, particularly if the extent of activity spread can adapt to external conditions. A mechanism of this kind can account quantitatively for the sensitivity and response range of E. coli to aspartate.
机译：趋化细菌（例如大肠杆菌）可以检测极低浓度的引诱剂并对之作出反应，而天冬氨酸的浓度低于5 nM。他们还可以检测浓度超过五个数量级（最高达1 mM天冬氨酸）的引诱剂梯度。在这里，我们考虑灵敏度和响应范围的这种组合取决于细菌表面上趋化受体的聚集的可能性。我们研究了如果配体结合改变了受体的活性，并将这种活性的改变传播到簇中的相邻受体，将会发生什么。根据这些假设进行的计算表明，对细胞外配体的敏感性随活性通过一系列受体的扩散程度而增加，但该阵列起作用的浓度范围却大大减小了。但是，如果细胞表面既有簇又有单个受体，则可以实现低响应阈值和宽动态范围的组合，特别是如果活性扩散的程度可以适应外部条件。这种机制可以定量说明大肠杆菌对天冬氨酸的敏感性和响应范围。

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